Department of Public Health, Faculty of Nursing, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg. 2011 Feb;40(1):58-63.
To determine the role of heredity, allergies, smoking, and environmental and occupational exposure in the epidemiology of nasal polyposis.
A case-control study comprising 100 patients with nasal polyps admitted to three Athens hospitals and 102 controls from the general population. Gender, educational level, family history, allergies, smoking, occupational activities, and environmental exposure were examined as eventual determinants. The prevalence of each determinant was compared between cases and controls using multiple logistic regression, and odds ratios (ORs) were estimated.
A total of 13.3% of the patients and none of the controls had a history of polyps in the family. According to multiple logistic regression, the OR for certain allergies was 19.1 and for probable allergy was 9.0, with the prevalence among patients being 64% and 12%, respectively. The OR for certain environmental exposures was 15.0 and for occupational exposures was 21.4. Occupational exposure to chemicals was a predominant factor among patients. No significant difference was found between nasal polyps and educational level or smoking habits.
The development of nasal polyps seems to be strongly related to family history and a history of allergies, but the role of smoking remains controversial. Occupational and environmental exposures probably enhance the appearance of the disease on the basis of genetic predisposition.
确定遗传、过敏、吸烟以及环境和职业暴露因素在鼻息肉发病机制中的作用。
这是一项包括 100 例在雅典三家医院就诊的鼻息肉患者（病例组）和 102 名来自普通人群的对照（对照组）的病例对照研究。性别、教育水平、家族史、过敏、吸烟、职业活动和环境暴露等因素被作为潜在的决定因素进行了研究。采用多变量逻辑回归比较病例组和对照组中每个决定因素的发生率，并计算比值比（OR）。
在病例组中，共有 13.3%的患者和对照组中无人有家族性息肉病史。根据多变量逻辑回归分析，特定过敏的 OR 为 19.1，可能过敏的 OR 为 9.0，患者中的发生率分别为 64%和 12%。特定环境暴露的 OR 为 15.0，职业暴露的 OR 为 21.4。在病例组中，化学物质职业暴露是一个主要因素。在鼻息肉与教育水平或吸烟习惯之间未发现显著差异。
鼻息肉的发生似乎与家族史和过敏史密切相关，但吸烟的作用仍存在争议。职业和环境暴露可能在遗传易感性的基础上加重疾病的发生。
