阐述极性：PAR 蛋白与细胞骨架。
Elaborating polarity: PAR proteins and the cytoskeleton.
机构信息
Helen L. and Martin S. Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine at the Skirball Institute for Biomolecular Medicine, NYU School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
出版信息
Development. 2011 Mar;138(5):799-809. doi: 10.1242/dev.053538.
Abstract
Cell polarity is essential for cells to divide asymmetrically, form spatially restricted subcellular structures and participate in three-dimensional multicellular organization. PAR proteins are conserved polarity regulators that function by generating cortical landmarks that establish dynamic asymmetries in the distribution of effector proteins. Here, we review recent findings on the role of PAR proteins in cell polarity in C. elegans and Drosophila, and emphasize the links that exist between PAR networks and cytoskeletal proteins that both regulate PAR protein localization and act as downstream effectors to elaborate polarity within the cell.
摘要
细胞极性对于细胞不对称分裂、形成空间受限的亚细胞结构以及参与三维多细胞组织至关重要。PAR 蛋白是保守的极性调节剂，通过产生皮质标志物来发挥作用，从而在效应蛋白的分布中建立动态不对称性。在这里，我们回顾了 PAR 蛋白在秀丽隐杆线虫和果蝇细胞极性中的作用的最新发现，并强调了 PAR 网络与细胞骨架蛋白之间的联系，这些蛋白既调节 PAR 蛋白的定位，又作为下游效应子在细胞内发挥作用，从而详细阐述了极性。
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