Peter E, Bogerts B
Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universitätsklinikum Magdeburg.
Nervenarzt. 2012 Jan;83(1):57-63. doi: 10.1007/s00115-011-3250-6.
In order to clarify psychosocial and psychopathological components that may contribute to causes of running amok, judgements and forensic-psychiatric certificates of 27 amok runners were examined. While in the last 20 years there was no increase of amok events in general, a remarkable increase in so-called school shootings occurred; 74% of the culprits had a history of psychiatric disorder, most importantly schizophrenic psychoses, affective disorder or alcoholism. According to the forensic psychiatric certificates, 70% were not or not fully responsible for the crime. Three prototypes of amok runners were found: (1) adolescents with long-term difficulties at school or apprenticeship and suicidal ideas; (2) persons suffering from paranoid psychoses; and (3) adults with personality disorders after breakdowns of close social relationships. Despite these predisposing factors it remains unknown which pathological conditions of brain function finally cause this most deleterious form of violence.
为了阐明可能导致“狂奔症”（杀人狂行为）的社会心理和精神病理因素，对27名“狂奔症”患者的判断及法医精神病学鉴定书进行了审查。在过去20年里，“狂奔症”事件总体上没有增加，但所谓的校园枪击事件却显著增加；74%的罪犯有精神病史，最重要的是精神分裂症、情感障碍或酗酒。根据法医精神病学鉴定书，70%的人对犯罪行为不负或不完全负有责任。发现了三类“狂奔症”患者原型：（1）在学校或学徒期间长期遇到困难且有自杀念头的青少年；（2）患有偏执性精神病的人；（3）在亲密社会关系破裂后患有个性障碍的成年人。尽管存在这些诱发因素，但最终导致这种最有害暴力形式的脑功能病理状况仍不清楚。
