Regueras Laura, Prieto Pablo, Muñoz-Calvo María Teresa, Pozo Jesús, Arguinzoniz Lissette, Argente Jesús
Servicio de Endocrinología, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Instituto de Investigación La Princesa, Madrid, España.
Med Clin (Barc). 2011 Apr 9;136(9):376-81. doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2010.06.029.
Children and adolescents with Down syndrome (DS) show a greater prevalence of endocrinological abnormalities when compared with the general population. Our aim is to analyze endocrinological abnormalities in 1,105 patients with DS.
A review of 1,105 cases of children and adolescents with DS under care in our Department (ages between 0 and 18 years) analyzed retrospectively the presence of thyroid pathology and diabetes mellitus throughout development.
Our data indicate the presence of endocrinological abnormalities in 222 patients [216 with thyroid pathology (19.5%) and 6 cases with diabetes mellitus type 1 (0.45%)]. Subclinical primary hypothyroidism was present in 168 cases, congenital primary hypothyroidism in 15 cases, clinical primary hypothyroidism in 24 cases and 5 cases had hyperthyroidism. In addition, 16.9% of these patients exhibit criteria of obesity and 28.2% had overweight. The prevalence of endocrinological comorbidities in children and adolescents with DS is higher than in the general population.
Subclinical primary hypothyroidism, due to autoimmune causes in most of the patients, without a higher incidence in females, is the most common endocrinological pathology associated with DS. The high frequency of thyroid pathology and diabetes mellitus type 1 in these patients should induce us to have a closer clinical control of children and adolescents with DS.
与普通人群相比，唐氏综合征（DS）儿童和青少年内分泌异常的患病率更高。我们的目的是分析1105例DS患者的内分泌异常情况。
回顾性分析我院收治的1105例DS儿童和青少年患者（年龄在0至18岁之间）在整个发育过程中甲状腺疾病和糖尿病的发生情况。
我们的数据表明，222例患者存在内分泌异常[216例患有甲状腺疾病（19.5%），6例患有1型糖尿病（0.45%）]。其中亚临床原发性甲状腺功能减退症168例，先天性原发性甲状腺功能减退症15例，临床原发性甲状腺功能减退症24例，5例患有甲状腺功能亢进症。此外，这些患者中有16.9%表现出肥胖标准，28.2%超重。DS儿童和青少年内分泌合并症的患病率高于普通人群。
亚临床原发性甲状腺功能减退症在大多数患者中是由自身免疫原因引起的，女性发病率无明显升高，是与DS相关的最常见内分泌疾病。这些患者中甲状腺疾病和1型糖尿病的高发病率应促使我们对DS儿童和青少年进行更密切的临床监测。
