Faustino Thalita Thais, Almeida Rodrigo Batista de, Andreatini Roberto
Laboratório de Fisiologia e Farmacologia do Sistema Nervoso Central, Departamento de Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
Braz J Psychiatry. 2010 Dec;32(4):429-36. doi: 10.1590/s1516-44462010005000026.
This work aimed to identify controlled trials, which evaluated effectiveness of herbal medicines in subjects suffering generalized anxiety disorder.
Controlled studies (randomized, comparative with placebo and/or standard drug, double-blind) were sought through electronic and hand-searches. The word strategy used "plant OR phytomed* OR extract OR herbal OR medicinal (OR specific name plants)" e "anxie* OR anxioly* OR tranquil* OR GAD", limited to "human OR clinical trial OR randomized controlled trial OR meta-analysis OR review". The search was restricted to English language.
Piper methysticum presented an unequivocal anxiolytic effect, but most studies also included patients with other anxiety disorders (e.g. phobias). Isolated studies with Ginkgo biloba, Galphimia glauca, Matricaria recutita, Passiflora incarnata and Valeriana officinalis showed a potential use for anxious diseases. Despite this low number of studies, Ginkgo biloba and Matricaria recutita showed an effect size (Cohen's d=0.47 to 0.87) similar or higher to standard anxiolytics drugs (benzodiazepines, buspirone and antidepressants-0.17 to 0.38). No additional study with other plants was found.
Despite the therapeutic potential of medicinal plants in generalized anxiety disorder, very few controlled trials assessing herbal medicines in generalized anxiety disorder were found. Additionally, these studies present serious flaw design.
本研究旨在确定对照试验，评估草药对广泛性焦虑症患者的疗效。
通过电子检索和手工检索寻找对照研究（随机、与安慰剂和/或标准药物对比、双盲）。检索词策略使用“植物或植物药或提取物或草药或药用植物（或特定植物名称）”以及“焦虑或抗焦虑或镇静或广泛性焦虑症”，限定为“人类或临床试验或随机对照试验或荟萃分析或综述”。检索限于英文文献。
卡瓦胡椒呈现出明确的抗焦虑作用，但大多数研究也纳入了患有其他焦虑症（如恐惧症）的患者。关于银杏、羽扇豆、母菊、西番莲和缬草的个别研究显示对焦虑症有潜在用途。尽管研究数量较少，但银杏和母菊的效应量（科恩d值=0.47至0.87）与标准抗焦虑药物（苯二氮䓬类、丁螺环酮和抗抑郁药 - 0.17至0.38）相似或更高。未发现关于其他植物的额外研究。
尽管药用植物在广泛性焦虑症方面具有治疗潜力，但发现评估草药治疗广泛性焦虑症的对照试验非常少。此外，这些研究存在严重的设计缺陷。
