慢性病员工工作维持培训计划的效果——一项自我效能感、工作满意度和疲劳的随机对照试验。

Effect of job maintenance training program for employees with chronic disease - a randomized controlled trial on self-efficacy, job satisfaction, and fatigue.

机构信息

Coronel Institute of Occupational Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

出版信息

Scand J Work Environ Health. 2011 Jul;37(4):288-97. doi: 10.5271/sjweh.3149. Epub 2011 Feb 15.

DOI:10.5271/sjweh.3149

PMID:21321787

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

Employees with a chronic physical condition may be hampered in job performance due to physical or cognitive limitations, pain, fatigue, psychosocial barriers, or because medical treatment interferes with work. This study investigates the effect of a group-training program aimed at job maintenance. Essential elements of the program are exploration of work-related problems, communication at the workplace, and the development and implementation of solutions.

METHODS

Participants with chronic physical diseases were randomly assigned to the intervention (N=64) or the control group (N=58). Participants were eligible for the study if they had a chronic physical disease, paid employment, experienced work-related problems, and were not on long-term 100% sick leave. Primary outcome measures were self-efficacy in solving work- and disease-related problems (14-70), job dissatisfaction (0-100), fatigue (20-140) and job maintenance measured at 4-, 8-, 12- and 24-month follow-up. We used GLM repeated measures for the analysis.

RESULTS

After 24 months, loss to follow-up was 5.7% (7/122). Self-efficacy increased and fatigue decreased significantly more in the experimental than the control group [10 versus 4 points (P=0.000) and 19 versus 8 points (P=0.032), respectively]. Job satisfaction increased more in the experimental group but not significantly [6 versus 0 points (P=0.698)]. Job maintenance was 87% in the experimental and 91% in the control group, which was not a significant difference. Many participants in the control group also undertook actions to solve work-related problems.

CONCLUSIONS

Empowerment training increases self-efficacy and helps to reduce fatigue complaints, which in the long term could lead to more job maintenance. Better understanding of ways to deal with work-related problems is needed to develop more efficient support for employees with a chronic disease.

摘要

目的

患有慢性身体疾病的员工可能会因身体或认知限制、疼痛、疲劳、心理社会障碍，或因治疗干扰工作而在工作表现中受到阻碍。本研究调查了旨在维持工作的团体培训计划的效果。该计划的基本要素包括探索与工作相关的问题、在工作场所进行沟通，以及制定和实施解决方案。

方法

将患有慢性身体疾病的参与者随机分配到干预组（N=64）或对照组（N=58）。如果参与者患有慢性身体疾病、有带薪工作、经历与工作相关的问题，并且没有长期 100%的病假，则有资格参加研究。主要结局指标是解决与工作和疾病相关问题的自我效能（14-70）、工作不满（0-100）、疲劳（20-140）和 4、8、12 和 24 个月随访时的工作维持情况。我们使用 GLM 重复测量进行分析。

结果

24 个月后，失访率为 5.7%（7/122）。实验组的自我效能感增加，疲劳感下降幅度明显大于对照组[10 分比 4 分（P=0.000）和 19 分比 8 分（P=0.032）]。实验组的工作满意度增加，但差异无统计学意义[6 分比 0 分（P=0.698）]。实验组的工作维持率为 87%，对照组为 91%，差异无统计学意义。对照组的许多参与者也采取了行动来解决与工作相关的问题。