Iliuk R D, Krupitskiĭ E M, Torban M N, Kozlov A P, Blinnikova K N, Heimer R, Green T, Grau L E
Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2010;110(5 Pt 2):33-43.
Overdose is a serious problem as for people addicted to opioid drug injections (ODI) as well as for the community in general. To study characteristics of overdose, authors examined 60 ODI users and analyzed 27 overdose death cases. It has been shown that overdose is rather common among ODI users. Fatal and nonfatal overdoses most frequently take place among men at home or in the street. People often did not receive sufficient help in the overdose situation. We confirm the role of alcohol, long abstinence and variability in drug quality in the development of overdose. Witnesses of overdose in other users reported more health problems, family and social relations, were more concerned with their own and others risk in future compared to those reporting no overdose. Additional predictors were determined: a higher number of overdoses in the past; disturbances of family relations and somatic disorders. Mental disorders predicted the opioid overdose risk among ODI users. ODI users are interested in counseling and training to prevent overdose. Family psychotherapy and early diagnosis of comorbid disorders may be important ways of overdose prevention.
过量用药对于阿片类药物注射成瘾者（ODI）以及整个社区来说都是一个严重的问题。为了研究过量用药的特征，作者对60名ODI使用者进行了检查，并分析了27例过量用药死亡病例。结果表明，过量用药在ODI使用者中相当常见。致命和非致命的过量用药最常发生在男性在家中或街头时。人们在过量用药的情况下往往没有得到足够的帮助。我们证实了酒精、长期禁欲和药物质量差异在过量用药发生过程中的作用。与未报告过量用药的使用者相比，报告其他使用者过量用药情况的人存在更多健康问题、家庭和社会关系问题，并且更担心自己及他人未来的风险。还确定了其他预测因素：过去过量用药次数较多；家庭关系紊乱和躯体疾病。精神障碍是ODI使用者阿片类药物过量风险的预测因素。ODI使用者对预防过量用药的咨询和培训很感兴趣。家庭心理治疗和共病的早期诊断可能是预防过量用药的重要方法。
