Department of Internal Medicine, Immunology, Allergy & Respiratory Diseases, University Hospital, Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy.
Immunotherapy. 2011 Feb;3(2):229-46. doi: 10.2217/imt.10.88.
Subcutaneous venom immunotherapy is the only effective treatment for patients who experience severe hymenoptera sting-induced allergic reactions, and the treatment also improves health-related quality of life. This article examines advances in various areas of this treatment, which include the immunological mechanisms of early and long-term efficacy, indications and contraindications, selection of venom, treatment protocols, duration, risk factors for systemic reactions in untreated and treated patients as well as for relapse following cessation of treatment. Current and future strategies for improving safety and efficacy are also examined. However, although progress in the past few years has been fruitful, much remains to be accomplished.
皮下注射毒液免疫疗法是治疗严重蜂类蜇伤过敏反应患者的唯一有效方法，并且还可以提高患者的健康相关生活质量。本文探讨了该疗法各个领域的进展，包括早期和长期疗效的免疫学机制、适应证和禁忌证、毒液选择、治疗方案、持续时间、未治疗和治疗患者发生全身性反应的风险因素以及治疗停止后复发的风险因素。还探讨了当前和未来提高安全性和疗效的策略。然而，尽管过去几年取得了丰硕的成果，但仍有许多工作要做。
