Sanz Jesús, García-Vera María Paz, Espinosa Regina, Fortún María, Magán Inés, Segura Julián
Department of Personality, Assessment and Clinical Psychology Complutense University of Madrid, Spain.
Psychol Rep. 2010 Dec;107(3):923-38. doi: 10.2466/09.15.20.PR0.107.6.923-938.
Only one-third of patients with hypertension under pharmacological treatment achieve the recommended blood pressure goals. Psychological factors could partially account for poor hypertension control through the existence of personality traits related to treatment compliance (e.g., self-discipline, deliberation, impulsiveness), and the fact that stress and some personality traits (e.g., anxiety, depression, anger expression, Type A) are involved in the etiology of some hypertension cases. This study was aimed at examining the differences in personality and stress between patients taking antihypertensive medications with controlled and uncontrolled hypertension. Results revealed that after controlling sex, age, and traditional variables associated with poor hypertension control, the uncontrolled hypertension group showed higher scores on impulsiveness, depression, anger expression-out, and stress, with differences ranging between medium and large (Hedges' g effect size = 0.77 to 1.08). These results support the hypothesized relationship between psychological factors and poor hypertension control.
接受药物治疗的高血压患者中只有三分之一达到了推荐的血压目标。心理因素可能部分解释了高血压控制不佳的原因，这是由于存在与治疗依从性相关的人格特质（如自律、深思熟虑、冲动），以及压力和一些人格特质（如焦虑、抑郁、愤怒表达、A型人格）参与了某些高血压病例的病因。本研究旨在探讨服用抗高血压药物且高血压得到控制和未得到控制的患者在人格和压力方面的差异。结果显示，在控制了性别、年龄以及与高血压控制不佳相关的传统变量后，未控制高血压组在冲动性、抑郁、愤怒表达外向性和压力方面得分更高，差异在中等至较大之间（赫奇斯g效应量=0.77至1.08）。这些结果支持了心理因素与高血压控制不佳之间的假设关系。
