Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences, University of Minnesota School of Dentistry, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
J Clin Periodontol. 2011 Mar;38 Suppl 11:126-41. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2010.01664.x.
The goal of this review is to identify the antimicrobial proteins in the oral fluids, saliva and gingival crevicular fluid and identify functional families and candidates for antibacterial treatment.
Periodontal biofilms initiate a cascade of inflammatory and immune processes that lead to the destruction of gingival tissues and ultimately alveolar bone loss and tooth loss. Treatment of periodontal disease with conventional antibiotics does not appear to be effective in the absence of mechanical debridement. An alternative treatment may be found in antimicrobial peptides and proteins, which can be bactericidal and anti-inflammatory and block the inflammatory effects of bacterial toxins. The peptides have co-evolved with oral bacteria, which have not developed significant peptide resistance. Over 45 antibacterial proteins are found in human saliva and gingival crevicular fluid. The proteins and peptides belong to several different functional families and offer broad protection from invading microbes. Several antimicrobial peptides and proteins (AMPs) serve as templates for the development of therapeutic peptides and peptide mimetics, although to date none have demonstrated efficacy in human trials.
Existing and newly identified AMPs may be developed for therapeutic use in periodontal disease or can serve as templates for peptide and peptide mimetics with improved therapeutic indices.
本综述旨在鉴定口腔液、唾液和龈沟液中的抗菌蛋白，并确定用于抗菌治疗的功能家族和候选物。
牙周生物膜引发一系列炎症和免疫过程，导致牙龈组织破坏，最终导致牙槽骨丧失和牙齿脱落。在没有机械清创的情况下，常规抗生素治疗牙周病似乎效果不佳。抗菌肽和蛋白质可能是一种替代治疗方法，它们具有杀菌和抗炎作用，并能阻断细菌毒素的炎症作用。这些肽与口腔细菌共同进化，而口腔细菌尚未产生明显的肽耐药性。在人类唾液和龈沟液中发现了超过 45 种抗菌蛋白。这些蛋白质和肽属于几个不同的功能家族，为抵御入侵的微生物提供了广泛的保护。有几种抗菌肽和蛋白质 (AMPs) 可作为开发治疗性肽和肽模拟物的模板，尽管迄今为止，在人类试验中没有一种证明有效。
现有的和新鉴定的 AMPs 可能被开发用于牙周病的治疗用途，或者可以作为具有改善治疗指数的肽和肽模拟物的模板。
