Department of Quality Control, Chengdu Blood Center, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
J Med Virol. 2011 Apr;83(4):616-21. doi: 10.1002/jmv.22010.
The objectives of the study were to estimate the prevalence of anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) positivity among blood donors from Chengdu, China, and to determine risk factors associated with infection. In this study, data were collected from volunteer blood donors between July 2006 and June 2007. Anti-HCV test was performed in 119,518 donors. To identify risk factors associated with HCV infections a case-control study was conducted in 305 unique HCV-seropositive blood donors and 610 seronegative donors matched for age and sex. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using logistic regression. The population attributable risk (PAR) to risk factor was estimated according to the Bruzzi's formula. The prevalence of anti-HCV positivity was 0.53% (95% CI: 0.489-0.572%). The final multivariate model included the following independent HCV risk factors: razor sharing (OR=29.16; 95% CI: 12.89-66.00), blood transfusion (OR=20.84; 95% CI: 3.76-115.45), acupuncture (OR=8.01; 95% CI: 3.16-20.30), a history of hospitalization, injections >10 years earlier, a family history of hepatitis B, dental treatment, and ear piercing. The PAR of risk factors are 68.4%, 6.3%, 14.1%, 23.1%, 29.5%, 29.3%, 38.9%, and 27.8%, respectively, and the total PAR is 98.3%. Infection with HCV among blood donors in Chengdu is associated with iatrogenic risk factors and beauty treatment-related risk. Razor sharing is an important risk factor for HCV infection. These results indicate that infection control measures in healthcare settings may reduce the burden of HCV infection and there is a need for development of effective educational programs to improve HCV knowledge among beauty culture professionals, barber cosmetologists, and the general public to avoid risk behaviors.
本研究的目的是估计中国成都献血者抗丙型肝炎病毒（HCV）阳性率，并确定与感染相关的危险因素。本研究数据收集自 2006 年 7 月至 2007 年 6 月的志愿献血者。对 119518 名献血者进行抗 HCV 检测。为了确定与 HCV 感染相关的危险因素，对 305 例独特的 HCV 血清阳性献血者和 610 例年龄和性别匹配的血清阴性献血者进行了病例对照研究。采用 logistic 回归计算比值比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。根据 Bruzzi 公式估计危险因素的人群归因危险度（PAR）。抗 HCV 阳性率为 0.53%（95%CI：0.489-0.572%）。最终的多变量模型包括以下独立的 HCV 危险因素：共用剃刀（OR=29.16；95%CI：12.89-66.00）、输血（OR=20.84；95%CI：3.76-115.45）、针灸（OR=8.01；95%CI：3.16-20.30）、住院史、10 年前以上的注射史、乙型肝炎家族史、牙科治疗和穿耳。危险因素的 PAR 分别为 68.4%、6.3%、14.1%、23.1%、29.5%、29.3%、38.9%和 27.8%，总 PAR 为 98.3%。成都献血者 HCV 感染与医源性危险因素和美容治疗相关危险因素有关。共用剃刀是 HCV 感染的重要危险因素。这些结果表明，在医疗机构中采取感染控制措施可能会降低 HCV 感染负担，需要制定有效的教育计划，提高美容文化专业人员、理发师和公众对 HCV 的认识，避免危险行为。
