Bushnell Cheryl, Chireau Monique
Department of Neurology, Medical Center Boulevard, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA.
Stroke Res Treat. 2011 Jan 20;2011:858134. doi: 10.4061/2011/858134.
Preeclampsia and stroke are significantly related, both pathologically and temporally (across the life span) in women. Cerebrovascular events can complicate preeclampsia, and can also manifest later in life. A history of preeclampsia is associated with long-term risk for hypertension, stroke, and heart disease. Cerebrovascular complications occur in only a small proportion of women with severe preeclampsia, but with high morbidity and mortality. Endothelial dysfunction and impaired cerebral autoregulation, and severe hypertension in the setting of preeclampsia are likely the cause of many strokes during pregnancy. The relationship between preeclampsia and stroke involves shared risk factors for both disorders, including chronic endothelial dysfunction and increased risk for long-term hypertension following preeclampsia (one of the major risk factors for stroke). This overlap provides insights into underlying pathophysiology and potential preventive strategies for both preeclampsia and stroke. For example, aspirin may prevent both disorders. The current review will describe the current data regarding these relationships and suggest future research to investigate remaining knowledge gaps. These are important topics for neurologists, who are likely to be involved with the care of severely ill preeclamptic patients with neurologic complications, as well as women at increased risk of stroke due to a history of preeclampsia.
子痫前期与中风在女性中存在显著的病理和时间（贯穿生命周期）关联。脑血管事件会使子痫前期病情复杂化，并且也可能在日后出现。子痫前期病史与高血压、中风和心脏病的长期风险相关。脑血管并发症仅发生在一小部分重度子痫前期女性中，但具有高发病率和高死亡率。子痫前期情况下的内皮功能障碍、脑自动调节受损以及严重高血压可能是孕期许多中风的病因。子痫前期与中风之间的关系涉及这两种病症的共同风险因素，包括慢性内皮功能障碍以及子痫前期后长期高血压风险增加（中风的主要风险因素之一）。这种重叠为子痫前期和中风的潜在病理生理学及预防策略提供了见解。例如，阿司匹林可能预防这两种病症。本综述将描述关于这些关系的现有数据，并提出未来研究以调查尚存的知识空白。对于神经科医生而言，这些是重要的话题，他们很可能会参与患有神经系统并发症的重度子痫前期重症患者以及因有子痫前期病史而中风风险增加的女性的护理工作。
