Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Fetscherstrasse 74, Dresden, Germany.
Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2011 Aug;131(8):1043-52. doi: 10.1007/s00402-011-1275-8. Epub 2011 Feb 18.
The aim of this study was to compare the functional ankle stability between professional and amateur soccer players as well as controls.
Thirty professional soccer players, 30 amateur soccer players and 30 controls were evaluated. All participants completed a questionnaire. Range of motion (ROM), peroneal reaction time (PRT) and ankle position sense were measured. Balance control was investigated with the Biodex Stability System, measuring the stable level 8 and the unstable level 2.
Professional soccer players cited significantly more frequent ankle sprains than all other groups (P = 0.002). They showed a significantly decreased dorsiflexion of the right foot (amateur: P = 0.017; controls: P = 0.004), an increased pronation of both feet (amateurs: right: P = 0.0048, left: P = 0.006; controls: right: P = 0.017, left: P = 0.007) and a decreased supination of the left foot in comparison to all other groups (amateurs: P = 0.003; controls: P = 0.004). Balance control showed no significant differences among all groups. Significant differences in angle reproduction were observed between professionals and amateurs for the left ankle joint at the positions of 105° (P = 0.0018) and 140° (P = 0.013). Professionals (P = 0.004) and amateurs (P = 0.001) showed a significantly delayed PRT of the right peroneus longus muscle compared to controls. In addition, the PRT of the right peroneus brevis muscle was significantly increased in professional soccer players in comparison to controls (P = 0.017).
Professional soccer players have shown more frequent ankle sprains, limited ROM, and delayed PRT of the right leg which reflects the higher risk of functional ankle instability due to intensified work-related use of feet. Therefore, proprioceptive exercises of the ankle in daily training programs are recommended in order to minimize the risk of ankle injuries and improve functional ankle stability.
本研究旨在比较职业足球运动员、业余足球运动员和对照组之间的踝关节功能稳定性。
共评估了 30 名职业足球运动员、30 名业余足球运动员和 30 名对照组。所有参与者均完成了一份问卷。测量了运动范围（ROM）、腓骨反应时间（PRT）和踝关节位置感。平衡控制通过 Biodex 稳定性系统进行测试，分别测量稳定水平 8 和不稳定水平 2。
与其他两组相比，职业足球运动员踝关节扭伤的频率明显更高（P=0.002）。他们的右脚背屈明显减少（业余组：P=0.017；对照组：P=0.004），双脚内翻增加（业余组：右脚：P=0.0048，左脚：P=0.006；对照组：右脚：P=0.017，左脚：P=0.007），与其他两组相比，左脚的外翻减少（业余组：P=0.003；对照组：P=0.004）。所有组之间的平衡控制均无显著差异。在左踝关节的 105°（P=0.0018）和 140°（P=0.013）位置，职业运动员和业余运动员的角度重现存在显著差异。与对照组相比，职业运动员（P=0.004）和业余运动员（P=0.001）的右侧腓骨长肌 PRT 明显延迟。此外，与对照组相比，职业足球运动员的右侧腓骨短肌 PRT 明显增加（P=0.017）。
职业足球运动员踝关节扭伤的频率更高，ROM 受限，右侧腓骨肌 PRT 延迟，这反映出由于脚部工作相关的使用增加，功能性踝关节不稳定的风险更高。因此，建议在日常训练计划中进行踝关节本体感觉练习，以降低踝关节受伤的风险，提高踝关节功能稳定性。
