Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, Quantitative Analysis and Kinesiology, Research, University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Am J Sports Med. 2012 Aug;40(8):1842-50. doi: 10.1177/0363546512449602. Epub 2012 Jun 14.
Ankle sprain is an extremely common injury in soccer players. Despite extensive research, the intrinsic cause of this injury under noncontact conditions remains unclear.
To identify intrinsic risk factors for noncontact ankle sprains in professional soccer players.
Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2
One hundred professional soccer players were assessed in the preseason for potential risk factors of noncontact ankle sprains. The assessment included (A) ankle joint asymmetries (right-left) in isokinetic muscle strength, flexibility, proprioception, and stability; (B) somatometric asymmetries; (C) previous injuries; and (D) lateral dominance traits. Noncontact ankle sprains were prospectively recorded and diagnosed for a full competition period (10 months).
Seventeen of the players sustained at least 1 noncontact ankle sprain. Logistic regression revealed that players with (A) eccentric isokinetic ankle flexion strength asymmetries (odds ratio [OR] = 8.88; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.95-40.36, P = .005), (B) increased body mass index (OR = 8.16; 95% CI, 1.42-46.63, P = .018), and (C) increased body weight (OR = 5.72; 95% CI, 1.37-23.95, P = .017 ) each had a significantly higher risk of a noncontact ankle sprain. A trend for younger players (OR = 0.28; 95% CI, 0.061-1.24, P = .092) and for players with ankle laxity asymmetries (OR = 3.38; 95% CI, 0.82-14.00, P = .093) to be at greater risk for ankle sprain was also apparent to the limit of statistical significance (.05 < P < .10).
Functional strength asymmetries of the ankle flexors and increased body mass index and body weight raise the propensity for ankle sprains in professional soccer players. Age and asymmetries in ankle laxity are potential factors worth revisiting, as there was an indication for younger players and players with ankle instability to be at higher risk for ankle injury. Proper preseason evaluation may improve prevention strategies for this type of injury in soccer.
踝关节扭伤是足球运动员中极其常见的损伤。尽管进行了广泛的研究，但在非接触情况下，这种损伤的内在原因仍不清楚。
确定职业足球运动员中非接触性踝关节扭伤的内在危险因素。
队列研究；证据水平，2 级。
在季前赛中，对 100 名职业足球运动员进行了非接触性踝关节扭伤的潜在危险因素评估。评估包括（A）等速肌肉力量、柔韧性、本体感觉和稳定性的踝关节关节不对称（左右）；（B）体型不对称；（C）既往损伤；和（D）侧向优势特征。前瞻性记录并诊断了整个比赛期间（10 个月）的非接触性踝关节扭伤。
17 名运动员至少发生了 1 次非接触性踝关节扭伤。逻辑回归显示，（A）离心等速踝关节背屈力量不对称（比值比[OR] = 8.88；95%置信区间[CI]，1.95-40.36，P =.005）、（B）体重指数（BMI）增加（OR = 8.16；95%CI，1.42-46.63，P =.018）和（C）体重增加（OR = 5.72；95%CI，1.37-23.95，P =.017）的运动员发生非接触性踝关节扭伤的风险显著增加。年轻运动员（OR = 0.28；95%CI，0.061-1.24，P =.092）和踝关节松弛度不对称（OR = 3.38；95%CI，0.82-14.00，P =.093）的运动员发生踝关节扭伤的风险更高，这一趋势也接近统计学意义（.05 < P <.10）。
踝关节跖屈肌的功能力量不对称、体重指数和体重增加会增加职业足球运动员踝关节扭伤的倾向。年龄和踝关节松弛度的不对称性是值得重新考虑的潜在因素，因为年轻运动员和踝关节不稳定的运动员踝关节受伤的风险更高。适当的季前评估可能会改善足球运动员此类损伤的预防策略。
