Dworzański Wojciech, Burdan Franciszek, Szumiło Michał, Jaskólska Anna, Anielska Ewa
Pracowania Teratologii Doświadczalnej, Katedra i Zakład Anatomii Prawidłowej Człowieka, Uniwersytet Medyczny, Lublin.
Kardiol Pol. 2011;69(2):173-6.
Caffeine is a widespread known psychoactive substance that is present mainly in coffee, tea, soft and energy drinks. As a natural methylopxanthine it blocks A1 and A2 adenosine receptors and in high doses inhibits the phosphodiesterase activity. Caffeine also decreases calcium ion accumulation in the mitochondria of cardiomyocytes. A clinical and experimental data indicates that the caffeine and coffee increase the arterial wall stiffness, blood pressure and endothelium-dependent flow mediated dilatation. Caffeine also elevates cholesterol and homocysteine blood level. Moderate coffee consumption decreases the mortality of the cardiac infarct. However, acceleration of acute ischemic cardiac disease correlates with high coffee intake. The metyloxantine easily crosses the blood-placenta barrier, and may induce intrauterine growth retardation. Due to chronotropic and inotropic activity it may induce fetal tachycardia and/or extrasystolic beats.
咖啡因是一种广为人知的精神活性物质，主要存在于咖啡、茶、软饮料和能量饮料中。作为一种天然甲基黄嘌呤，它会阻断A1和A2腺苷受体，高剂量时会抑制磷酸二酯酶活性。咖啡因还会减少心肌细胞线粒体中钙离子的积累。临床和实验数据表明，咖啡因和咖啡会增加动脉壁硬度、血压以及内皮依赖性血流介导的扩张。咖啡因还会提高血液中胆固醇和同型半胱氨酸的水平。适量饮用咖啡可降低心肌梗死的死亡率。然而，急性缺血性心脏病的加速与大量饮用咖啡有关。甲氧基黄嘌呤很容易穿过血胎盘屏障，并可能导致宫内生长迟缓。由于其变时性和变力性活动，它可能会诱发胎儿心动过速和/或早搏。
