Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States.
J Agric Food Chem. 2011 Mar 23;59(6):2672-9. doi: 10.1021/jf104335z. Epub 2011 Feb 20.
The effects of elevation, rootstock, and soil depth on the nutritional quality of mandarin oranges from 11 groves in California were investigated by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy by quantifying 29 compounds and applying multivariate statistical data analysis. A comparison of the juice from oranges in groves with deeper soil and trifoliate rootstock versus those with shallow soil and C-35 rootstock revealed differences in the concentrations of 4-aminobutyrate, ethanol, phenylalanine, succinate, and isoleucine. A comparison of fruit from trees grown at higher versus lower elevation revealed that those at higher elevation had higher concentrations of amino acids, succinate, and 4-aminobutyrate and lower concentrations of sugars and limonin glucoside. Such differences indicate that rootstock, soil depth, and differences in elevation influence the fruit nutrient composition. This study highlights how metabolomics coupled with multivariate statistical analysis can illuminate the metabolic characteristics of citrus, thereby aiding in the determination of the grove identity and fruit quality during orange production.
通过核磁共振（NMR）光谱法对加利福尼亚州 11 个果园的橙子进行了研究，通过定量分析 29 种化合物并应用多元统计数据分析，研究了海拔、砧木和土壤深度对橙子营养品质的影响。对具有较深土壤和三裂砧木的果园与具有较浅土壤和 C-35 砧木的果园的橙汁进行比较，发现 4-氨基丁酸、乙醇、苯丙氨酸、琥珀酸和异亮氨酸的浓度存在差异。对生长在较高和较低海拔的树木的果实进行比较，发现较高海拔的果实中氨基酸、琥珀酸和 4-氨基丁酸的浓度较高，而糖和柠檬苦素葡萄糖苷的浓度较低。这些差异表明，砧木、土壤深度和海拔差异影响果实的营养成分组成。本研究强调了代谢组学与多元统计分析相结合如何阐明柑橘的代谢特征，从而有助于在橙子生产过程中确定果园身份和果实质量。
