Australian Research Council Center of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, University of Western Australia, M316 Crawley, Western Australia 6009, Australia.
Annu Rev Plant Biol. 2011;62:79-104. doi: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-042110-103857.
Mitochondrial respiration in plants provides energy for biosynthesis, and its balance with photosynthesis determines the rate of plant biomass accumulation. We describe recent advances in our understanding of the mitochondrial respiratory machinery of cells, including the presence of a classical oxidative phosphorylation system linked to the cytosol by transporters, discussed alongside nonphosphorylating (and, therefore, non-energy conserving) bypasses that alter the efficiency of ATP synthesis and play a role in oxidative stress responses in plants. We consider respiratory regulation in the context of the contrasting roles mitochondria play in different tissues, from photosynthetic leaves to nutrient-acquiring roots. We focus on the molecular nature of this regulation at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels that allow the respiratory apparatus of plants to help shape organ development and the response of plants to environmental stress. We highlight the challenges for future research considering spatial and temporal changes of respiration in response to changing climatic conditions.
植物的线粒体呼吸为生物合成提供能量，其与光合作用的平衡决定了植物生物量积累的速度。我们描述了近年来对细胞中线粒体呼吸机制的理解的进展，包括存在一个通过转运蛋白与细胞质相连的经典氧化磷酸化系统，同时还讨论了非磷酸化（因此，非能量守恒）旁路，这些旁路改变了 ATP 合成的效率，并在植物的氧化应激反应中发挥作用。我们考虑了呼吸调节在不同组织（从光合叶片到营养吸收根）中线粒体发挥不同作用的背景下的情况。我们专注于转录和转录后水平上这种调节的分子性质，这使得植物的呼吸器官能够帮助塑造器官发育和植物对环境胁迫的反应。我们强调了未来研究的挑战，考虑到呼吸对气候变化的响应的时空变化。
