Mendes Ana Paula, Zhang Linjie, Prietsch Sílvio O M, Franco Oseia Simões, Gonzáles Karla P, Fabris Amanda G, Catharino Alessandra
Physical Therapy Course, University of Anhanguera, Rio Grande, Brazil.
J Asthma. 2011 Apr;48(3):235-40. doi: 10.3109/02770903.2011.555039. Epub 2011 Feb 21.
To investigate factors associated with the severity of childhood asthma.
We conducted a case-control study in a group of Brazilian children (2-12 years old) with diagnosis of asthma attending the pediatric pulmonology clinic of a teaching hospital. The study sample consisted of cases (children with persistent asthma) and controls (children with intermittent asthma). Data were collected through an interview with the child's parent or caretaker using a standard questionnaire. Association between asthma severity and studied variables was assessed by calculating odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) through logistic regression test.
171 children were included in this study, of which 104 (61%) had persistent asthma and 67 (39%) had intermittent asthma. Onset of the disease before 2 years of age, paternal educational level lower than 9 years, and low household income (≤1 minimum wage per month) were independent risk factors for persistent asthma, with adjusted OR (95% CI) of 2.56 (1.01-6.48), 2.49 (1.04-5.99), and 4.36 (1.06-17.87), respectively. Regular consumption of fruits during the last 30 days was inversely associated with the risk of having persistent asthma, with an adjusted OR (95% CI) of 0.19 (0.04-0.97).
Early onset of the disease, low paternal education, and low household income are independent risk factors for persistent childhood asthma. Regular consumption of fruits appears to be a protective factor against more severe asthma in children.
探讨与儿童哮喘严重程度相关的因素。
我们对一群在教学医院儿科肺病门诊就诊、诊断为哮喘的巴西儿童（2至12岁）进行了一项病例对照研究。研究样本包括病例组（持续性哮喘儿童）和对照组（间歇性哮喘儿童）。通过使用标准问卷对儿童的父母或照料者进行访谈来收集数据。通过逻辑回归测试计算比值比（OR）和95%置信区间（95%CI），评估哮喘严重程度与研究变量之间的关联。
本研究纳入了171名儿童，其中104名（61%）患有持续性哮喘，67名（39%）患有间歇性哮喘。2岁前发病、父亲教育水平低于9年以及家庭收入低（每月≤1最低工资）是持续性哮喘的独立危险因素，调整后的OR（95%CI）分别为2.56（1.01 - 6.48）、2.49（1.04 - 5.99）和4.36（1.06 - 17.87）。在过去30天内经常食用水果与患持续性哮喘的风险呈负相关，调整后的OR（95%CI）为0.19（0.04 - 0.97）。
疾病早发、父亲教育程度低和家庭收入低是儿童持续性哮喘的独立危险因素。经常食用水果似乎是预防儿童更严重哮喘的一个保护因素。
