澳大利亚女性孕期和哺乳期饮酒的流行情况及其预测因素。

Prevalence and predictors of alcohol use in pregnancy and breastfeeding among Australian women.

机构信息

National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

出版信息

Birth. 2011 Mar;38(1):3-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1523-536X.2010.00445.x. Epub 2011 Jan 4.

DOI:10.1111/j.1523-536X.2010.00445.x

PMID:21332768

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Previous research suggests that alcohol use during pregnancy and breastfeeding has a negative impact on birth and neonatal outcomes. No threshold for this effect has been determined. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and correlates of alcohol use in pregnancy and lactation in a large representative sample of Australian women.

METHOD

Data were used from a large representative sample of Australian women drawn from the 2007 National Drug Strategy Household Survey. A complex sampling framework was used to elicit prevalence estimates for alcohol use during pregnancy and lactation. A logistic regression analysis was used to determine the psychosocial characteristics associated with alcohol use during the perinatal period.

RESULTS

Alcohol use was reported by 29 percent of women who were pregnant in the past 12 months. In addition, 43 percent of women who were breastfeeding in the past 12 months reported alcohol use, whereas 36 percent of women who were both pregnant and breastfeeding in the past 12 months reported alcohol use. Most women (95%) reported a reduction in the quantity of their alcohol use while pregnant or breastfeeding. Older age was significantly associated with alcohol use in pregnancy, and also with alcohol use while breastfeeding (after controlling for other psychosocial characteristics). Higher educational attainment, and breastfeeding for more weeks in the past 12 months were significantly associated with alcohol use while breastfeeding, after controlling for confounding psychosocial factors.

CONCLUSIONS

More research is needed to ease uncertainty about "safe" levels of alcohol use during pregnancy and while breastfeeding. A high proportion of the sample reported alcohol use during pregnancy or lactation, despite uniform international government guidelines recommending that no alcohol should be consumed during the prenatal and postnatal periods. These results indicate that public health education campaigns about the risks of alcohol during these periods are needed.

摘要

背景

先前的研究表明，孕期和哺乳期饮酒会对母婴分娩和新生儿结局产生负面影响。但目前尚未确定这一影响的阈值。本研究旨在确定在澳大利亚的大量代表性妇女样本中，孕期和哺乳期饮酒的流行率及其相关因素。

方法

本研究的数据来自于澳大利亚一项大型代表性妇女样本，该样本来自 2007 年全国药物策略家庭调查。采用复杂抽样框架来获得孕期和哺乳期饮酒的流行率估计。采用逻辑回归分析确定与围产期饮酒相关的社会心理特征。

结果

过去 12 个月怀孕的妇女中有 29%报告饮酒，过去 12 个月母乳喂养的妇女中有 43%报告饮酒，而过去 12 个月既怀孕又母乳喂养的妇女中有 36%报告饮酒。大多数妇女（95%）报告在孕期或哺乳期减少了饮酒量。年龄较大与孕期饮酒显著相关，与哺乳期饮酒也显著相关（在控制其他社会心理特征后）。较高的教育程度和过去 12 个月内母乳喂养的周数较多与哺乳期饮酒显著相关，在控制混杂的社会心理因素后仍然如此。