Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 266a, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
Vet Parasitol. 2011 Jun 30;179(1-3):152-8. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.01.054. Epub 2011 Feb 2.
Canine angiostrongylosis is an emerging cardiopulmonary disease in Europe which can be fatal if left untreated. We developed a sandwich-ELISA based on a monoclonal antibody (mAb Av 56/1/2) and on polyclonal rabbit antibodies directed against Angiostrongylus vasorum adult excretory/secretory - antigen for the detection of circulating serum antigen of A. vasorum. The sensitivity of the test was 95.7% (78.1-99.9, 95% CI) as determined with sera of 23 dogs naturally infected with A. vasorum. The specificity was 94.0% (83.5-98.7, 95% CI) using 50 dog sera (control group) submitted for reasons other than parasitic infections. Potential cross-reactions were investigated with sera of a group of totally 61 dogs with proven infections with Dirofilaria immitis (n=23), Crenosoma vulpis (n=14), Ancylostoma caninum (n=4) or Toxocara canis (n=20). No significant difference was observed concerning the proportion of positive reactions between the control group and the group with proven helminth infections other than A. vasorum. In experimentally inoculated dogs with proven worm burdens of A. vasorum, the proportion of seropositive dogs increased over the first 3 months of infection, starting from 35 days post inoculation (dpi) which was before the onset of larval excretion. Ten weeks post inoculation, 98.6% of the dogs were seropositive, and circulating antigen persisted in two dogs with long-term follow-up over 286 and 356 days, respectively. In contrast, in dogs with a single treatment with imidacloprid/moxidectin at four or 32 dpi, no circulating antigen was observed, while in dogs treated at 88-92 dpi, OD values decreased within 13-34 days. The specific detection of circulating A. vasorum antigen by ELISA represents a valid alternative for reliable diagnosis and for follow-up investigations after anthelmintic treatment. Moreover, the test can be used for mass screening in large epidemiological investigations.
犬血管圆线虫病是一种在欧洲新兴的心肺疾病，如果不治疗可能致命。我们开发了一种基于单克隆抗体（mAb Av 56/1/2）和针对血管圆线虫成虫排泄/分泌抗原的多克隆兔抗体的夹心 ELISA，用于检测血管圆线虫的循环血清抗原。该试验的敏感性为 95.7%（78.1-99.9，95%置信区间），用 23 只自然感染血管圆线虫的狗的血清确定。特异性为 94.0%（83.5-98.7，95%置信区间），使用 50 份因寄生虫感染以外的原因提交的狗血清（对照组）。用一组总共 61 只患有犬心丝虫（n=23）、犬复孔绦虫（n=14）、犬钩虫（n=4）或犬弓首蛔虫（n=20）感染的狗血清进行了潜在的交叉反应研究。在对照组和除血管圆线虫以外的其他已证实的蠕虫感染组之间，观察到阳性反应的比例没有显著差异。在经证实感染血管圆线虫的实验接种狗中，从接种后 35 天（dpi）开始，即幼虫排泄前，开始出现血清阳性狗的比例在感染的头 3 个月内增加。接种后 10 周，98.6%的狗呈血清阳性，并且在两名长期随访 286 和 356 天的狗中持续存在循环抗原。相比之下，在 4 或 32 dpi 时用伊维菌素/莫昔克丁进行单次治疗的狗中，未观察到循环抗原，而在 88-92 dpi 时进行治疗的狗中，OD 值在 13-34 天内下降。ELISA 特异性检测循环血管圆线虫抗原是一种可靠的诊断方法，也是驱虫治疗后的随访调查的有效替代方法。此外，该测试可用于大型流行病学研究中的大规模筛查。
