Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226-0509, USA.
Am J Prev Med. 2011 Mar;40(3):320-3. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.11.005.
The role of alcohol in fatal motor vehicle crashes involving children has been well established. However, the nonfatal injury burden of alcohol on child passengers has not been comprehensively assessed.
This study sought to determine injury burden and restraint use in child passengers aged 1-15 years in alcohol-related motor vehicle crashes.
A retrospective cohort study including all people involved in all crashes with an injury or at least $1000 property damage occurring in Wisconsin in 2007 and involving at least one child passenger aged 1-15 years.
A total of 22,464 child passengers were involved in motor vehicle crashes in Wisconsin in 2007; 2.5% (n=570) were in alcohol-related crashes. Child passengers in alcohol-related crashes experienced twice the risk of injury compared to non-alcohol-related crashes (risk ratio [RR]=2.42, 95% CI=2.08, 2.80). Two-vehicle crashes that were alcohol-related were more than two times more likely to result in child injury than those that were not (RR=2.78, 95% CI=2.30, 3.35). In alcohol-related crashes, the risk of injury in children was higher if they were passengers in the alcohol-related vehicle compared to the non-alcohol-related vehicle (RR=1.35, 95% CI=1.01, 1.79). Inappropriate restraint of child passengers was higher in alcohol-related vehicles (34.5% vs 17.1%, p<0.00005), particularly in the group aged 4-7 years (70.8% vs 44.9% inappropriately restrained).
Motor vehicle crashes resulting from alcohol-related driving significantly increased child passenger injury and were associated with inappropriate child passenger restraint. Several evidence-based policies are recommended to address this public health problem.
酒精在涉及儿童的致命机动车事故中的作用已得到充分证实。然而，尚未全面评估酒精对儿童乘客的非致命伤害负担。
本研究旨在确定与酒精有关的机动车事故中 1-15 岁儿童乘客的伤害负担和约束装置使用情况。
这是一项回顾性队列研究，纳入了 2007 年在威斯康星州发生的所有致伤或至少造成 1000 美元财产损失的事故中涉及至少一名 1-15 岁儿童乘客的所有人员。
2007 年，威斯康星州共有 22464 名儿童乘客卷入机动车事故；其中 2.5%（n=570）涉及与酒精有关的事故。与非酒精相关事故相比，酒精相关事故中儿童乘客受伤的风险增加了两倍（风险比[RR]=2.42，95%CI=2.08，2.80）。与非酒精相关事故相比，与酒精相关的两车事故导致儿童受伤的可能性高出两倍以上（RR=2.78，95%CI=2.30，3.35）。在酒精相关事故中，如果儿童是酒精相关车辆中的乘客，与非酒精相关车辆相比，受伤的风险更高（RR=1.35，95%CI=1.01，1.79）。酒精相关车辆中儿童乘客约束装置使用不当的比例较高（34.5%比 17.1%，p<0.00005），尤其是在 4-7 岁年龄组（70.8%比 44.9%约束不当）。
与酒精相关的驾驶导致的机动车事故显著增加了儿童乘客的受伤风险，并与儿童乘客约束装置使用不当有关。建议采取一些基于证据的政策来解决这一公共卫生问题。
