Belov Larissa, Zhou Jerry, Christopherson Richard I
School of Molecular Bioscience, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; E-Mails:
Int J Mol Sci. 2010 Dec 28;12(1):78-113. doi: 10.3390/ijms12010078.
The classification of colorectal cancers (CRC) is currently based largely on histologically determined tumour characteristics, such as differentiation status and tumour stage, i.e., depth of tumour invasion, involvement of regional lymph nodes and the occurrence of metastatic spread to other organs. These are the conventional prognostic factors for patient survival and often determine the requirement for adjuvant therapy after surgical resection of the primary tumour. However, patients with the same CRC stage can have very different disease-related outcomes. For some, surgical removal of early-stage tumours leads to full recovery, while for others, disease recurrence and metastasis may occur regardless of adjuvant therapy. It is therefore important to understand the molecular processes that lead to disease progression and metastasis and to find more reliable prognostic markers and novel targets for therapy. This review focuses on cell surface proteins that correlate with tumour progression, metastasis and patient outcome, and discusses some of the challenges in finding prognostic protein markers in CRC.
目前，结直肠癌（CRC）的分类主要基于组织学确定的肿瘤特征，如分化状态和肿瘤分期，即肿瘤浸润深度、区域淋巴结受累情况以及是否发生转移至其他器官。这些是影响患者生存的传统预后因素，通常决定了原发性肿瘤手术切除后辅助治疗的需求。然而，处于相同CRC分期的患者可能会有截然不同的疾病相关结局。对于一些患者，早期肿瘤的手术切除可使其完全康复，而对于另一些患者，无论是否进行辅助治疗，都可能发生疾病复发和转移。因此，了解导致疾病进展和转移的分子过程，并寻找更可靠的预后标志物和新的治疗靶点非常重要。本综述重点关注与肿瘤进展、转移和患者结局相关的细胞表面蛋白，并讨论在CRC中寻找预后蛋白标志物所面临的一些挑战。
