Abolfotouh M A, Nofal L M, Safwat H
Department of Family Health, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University.
J Egypt Public Health Assoc. 1990;65(5-6):485-507.
This study aimed at the assessment of growth and nutritional status of preschool children by comparing it with internationally recognized growth standards, using the anthropometric indices of nutritional status. A cross-sectional study was carried out upon a sample of children (N = 660) aged 0-71 months who attended the well-baby clinics in the MCH centres in Alexandria. Individual measurements of weight and height were done for each child. Anthropometric indices of weight and height were calculated. These indices were related to the US National Centre of Health Statistics (NCHS) reference population by standard deviation scores (Z-scores). The growth pattern of children was different from that of western reference populations, while it resembled that of most developing countries. Of all children, 10.5% suffered from malnutrition (weight for age less than 2 S.D. of the reference median), 14.1% were stunted, and 5.5% were wasted. Parents of all children were interviewed, and analysis of specific social risk factors associated with poor attained size was done using stepwise multiple regression analysis. Few of such factors reached statistically significant association such as sex, infant feeding pattern, birth order and parental consanguinity.
本研究旨在通过使用营养状况的人体测量指标，将学龄前儿童的生长和营养状况与国际公认的生长标准进行比较，以评估其生长和营养状况。对亚历山大港妇幼保健中心健康婴儿诊所中660名年龄在0至71个月的儿童样本进行了横断面研究。对每个儿童进行了体重和身高的个体测量。计算了体重和身高的人体测量指标。这些指标通过标准差分数（Z分数）与美国国家卫生统计中心（NCHS）的参考人群相关。儿童的生长模式与西方参考人群不同，而与大多数发展中国家的相似。在所有儿童中，10.5%患有营养不良（年龄别体重低于参考中位数的2个标准差），14.1%发育迟缓，5.5%消瘦。对所有儿童的家长进行了访谈，并使用逐步多元回归分析对与不良生长发育相关的特定社会风险因素进行了分析。很少有此类因素达到统计学显著关联，如性别、婴儿喂养方式、出生顺序和父母近亲结婚。
