Glynne P A
Department of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College School of Medicine, Hammersmith Hospital, UK.
Methods Mol Med. 2000;36:197-205. doi: 10.1385/1-59259-216-3:197.
Sepsis and septic shock are major causes of acute renal failure (ARF). Although hemodynamic factors play a significant role in the pathogenesis of ARF during sepsis, it is now clear that nonhemodynamic factors are also extremely important. The predominant site of tissue injury in sepsis-induced ARF occurs within the proximal renal tubule. In vivo studies of the specific cellular mechanisms underlying renal injury are limited by the marked heterogeneity of the nephron. Establishing primary cultures of human proximal renal tubular epithelial cells (PTEC) provides a well-characterized in vitro model, phenotypically representative of PTEC in vivo. This in vitro system allows for investigation of the cellular mechanisms underlying proximal tubular injury during sepsis, in isolation without additional complicating cardiovascular and neuroendocrine factors.
脓毒症和脓毒性休克是急性肾衰竭（ARF）的主要病因。尽管血流动力学因素在脓毒症期间ARF的发病机制中起重要作用，但现在很清楚非血流动力学因素也极为重要。脓毒症诱导的ARF中组织损伤的主要部位发生在近端肾小管内。肾损伤潜在特定细胞机制的体内研究受到肾单位显著异质性的限制。建立人近端肾小管上皮细胞（PTEC）的原代培养提供了一种特征明确的体外模型，在表型上代表体内的PTEC。这个体外系统允许在没有额外复杂心血管和神经内分泌因素干扰的情况下，单独研究脓毒症期间近端肾小管损伤的细胞机制。
