Slayden R A, Barry C E
Tubercolosis Research Section, National Institute of the Health, Rockville, MD.
Methods Mol Med. 2001;54:229-45. doi: 10.1385/1-59259-147-7:229.
Mycobacterial cell wall ultrastructure has been studied through the use of negative staining, electron microscopy (1,2), freeze fracture (3), X-ray diffraction (4), differential scanning calorimetry (5,6), and electron spin resonance spectroscopy. Through the use of these techniques, the cellular envelope has been shown to be highly ordered and organized in a tripartite structure (2,3,7,8). Classical freeze-fracture and freeze-etch electron microscopy studies have established that fragmentation takes place along extended lipid-rich nonaqueous domains. Applied to mycobacteria, these techniques have revealed two fracture sites, an inner cleavage plane within the plasmalamellar membrane and an outer cleavage plane between the mycolic acids and the tenuous outer leaflet (1). These two cleavage sites represent the two domains containing the majority of the lipid material of the bacillus.
通过使用负染色、电子显微镜（1,2）、冷冻断裂（3）、X射线衍射（4）、差示扫描量热法（5,6）和电子自旋共振光谱，对分枝杆菌细胞壁的超微结构进行了研究。通过使用这些技术，细胞包膜已被证明具有高度有序性，并以三方结构组织起来（2,3,7,8）。经典的冷冻断裂和冷冻蚀刻电子显微镜研究已经确定，断裂沿着富含脂质的非水区域延伸发生。应用于分枝杆菌，这些技术揭示了两个断裂位点，一个在质膜内的内裂解平面，另一个在分枝菌酸和脆弱的外小叶之间的外裂解平面（1）。这两个裂解位点代表了杆菌中含有大部分脂质物质的两个区域。
