Lukey P T, Hooker E U
Respiratory Systems, Medical Research Centre, Glaxo Wellcome Research and Development, Hertfordshire, UK.
Methods Mol Med. 2001;54:271-80. doi: 10.1385/1-59259-147-7:271.
Mycobacterium tuberculosis is a facultative intracellular pathogen, which can survive and replicate within the host macrophage. It is transmitted via the aerosol route, which delivers the bacillus to the alveolus of the lungs. The initial phase of granuloma formation within the lung requires that the bacterium is ingested by alveolar macrophages. Intracellular replication begins and an inflammatory reaction, involving recruitment of mononuclear leukocytes to the site, is initiated. The resultant accumulation of mononuclear leukocytes (mono-cytes, macrophages, and lymphocytes) is known as a granuloma. The growth of the mycobacteria at this stage in the infection is largely intracellular and acid fast bacilli can be visualized within the macrophages of the granuloma (1).
结核分枝杆菌是一种兼性细胞内病原体，可在宿主巨噬细胞内存活和复制。它通过气溶胶途径传播，将杆菌输送到肺部的肺泡。肺部肉芽肿形成的初始阶段要求细菌被肺泡巨噬细胞摄取。细胞内复制开始，并引发炎症反应，包括将单核白细胞募集到该部位。单核白细胞（单核细胞、巨噬细胞和淋巴细胞）的最终聚集称为肉芽肿。在感染的这个阶段，分枝杆菌的生长主要在细胞内，并且在肉芽肿的巨噬细胞内可以看到抗酸杆菌（1）。
