Jonsson Hans
Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Occup Ther Int. 2011 Mar;18(1):32-8. doi: 10.1002/oti.311. Epub 2010 Dec 17.
This paper summarizes the results of five related studies of the retirement process from an occupational perspective. A group of 32 Swedish men and women were followed longitudinally over the retirement transition in repeated interviews that were analysed using a narrative methodology. The results showed that the freedom that comes with retirement could be experienced as a paradox when few demands or expectations were present in their lives. The analysis of the narratives also revealed that the presence or absence of engaging occupations was critical for the experience of a good life as retiree. These results are consistent with Laslett's definition of developmental life tasks appropriate for persons entering the 'Third Age', which begins at retirement and are offering freedom and possibilities for new engagement. The results have implications on possible arenas where an occupational perspective could contribute to knowledge in support of individual engagement in retirement and in social policies regarding volunteer work. One example is shown how occupational therapists have initiated community preventive work to enhance. engaging occupation in retirement. As these studies are limited to participants from one country, further studies in other countries and in other cultures about the retirement transition is needed to expand knowledge.
本文从职业视角总结了五项关于退休过程的相关研究结果。通过重复访谈对32名瑞典男性和女性在退休过渡期间进行纵向跟踪，并采用叙事方法进行分析。结果表明，当生活中几乎没有要求或期望时，退休带来的自由可能会被体验为一种悖论。对这些叙事的分析还表明，是否有引人入胜的职业对退休者的美好生活体验至关重要。这些结果与拉斯莱特对适合进入“第三年龄”（始于退休，为新的参与提供自由和可能性）的人的发展性生活任务的定义一致。这些结果对职业视角可能有助于支持退休人员个人参与以及有关志愿工作的社会政策的知识的潜在领域具有启示意义。文中展示了一个例子，即职业治疗师如何开展社区预防工作以促进退休后的引人入胜的职业活动。由于这些研究仅限于来自一个国家的参与者，因此需要在其他国家和其他文化中对退休过渡进行进一步研究，以扩展相关知识。
