什么因素可以预测纯母乳喂养的意愿？在一个多样化的城市人群中，母乳喂养知识、态度和信念的作用。
What predicts intent to breastfeed exclusively? Breastfeeding knowledge, attitudes, and beliefs in a diverse urban population.
机构信息
Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
出版信息
Breastfeed Med. 2011 Dec;6(6):413-20. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2010.0088. Epub 2011 Feb 22.
BACKGROUND
Maternal knowledge and comfort with breastfeeding affect prenatal feeding intentions, and these intentions are strong predictors of feeding outcomes. However, predictors of exclusive breastfeeding intention have not been well characterized.
METHODS
We measured the association between intentions to exclusively breastfeed and knowledge of infant health benefits, feeding guidelines, and comfort related to breastfeeding in social settings. Participants were lower-income, ethnically diverse women in two randomized, controlled trials of breastfeeding support. We compared results with data from the national Infant Feeding Practices Study II.
RESULTS
Among 883 women in our trials, exclusive breastfeeding, mixed feeding, and exclusive formula feeding intentions were 45.9%, 46.1%, and 8.0%, respectively. In multivariate-adjusted models, women who disagreed that "Infant formula is as good as breastmilk" were more likely to intend exclusive breastfeeding versus exclusive formula feeding (odds ratio 3.44, 95% confidence interval 1.80-6.59) compared with women who agreed with this statement. Increasing levels of agreement that breastfed infants were less likely to develop ear infections, respiratory infections, diarrhea, and obesity were positively associated with intentions to exclusively breastfeed (p for trend < 0.001 for all). Compared with the national sample, our study participants were more likely to agree with all of these statements. Women who felt comfortable breastfeeding in public intended to exclusive breastfeed for 0.84 month longer (95% confidence interval 0.41-1.28) than those who felt uncomfortable.
CONCLUSIONS
Maternal knowledge about infant health benefits, as well as comfort with breastfeeding in social settings, was directly related to intention to exclusively breastfeed. Prenatal interventions that address these issues may increase exclusive breastfeeding intention and duration.
背景
产妇对母乳喂养的认知和舒适度会影响产前的喂养意图，而这些意图是喂养结果的强有力预测因素。然而，对于纯母乳喂养意图的预测因素尚未得到很好的描述。
方法
我们测量了意图进行纯母乳喂养与婴儿健康益处、喂养指南的知识以及在社交环境中与母乳喂养相关的舒适度之间的关联。参与者为两项母乳喂养支持的随机对照试验中的低收入、种族多样化的女性。我们将结果与全国婴儿喂养实践研究 II 的数据进行了比较。
结果
在我们的两项试验中，有 883 名女性中，纯母乳喂养、混合喂养和纯配方奶喂养的意图分别为 45.9%、46.1%和 8.0%。在多变量调整模型中，与同意“婴儿配方奶与母乳一样好”的女性相比，不同意该说法的女性更有可能打算进行纯母乳喂养而不是纯配方奶喂养（优势比 3.44，95%置信区间 1.80-6.59）。越来越多的人认为母乳喂养的婴儿不太可能患耳部感染、呼吸道感染、腹泻和肥胖，与打算进行纯母乳喂养的意图呈正相关（所有趋势的 p 值均<0.001）。与全国样本相比，我们的研究参与者更有可能同意所有这些说法。在公共场合感到舒适进行母乳喂养的女性打算进行纯母乳喂养的时间比感到不适的女性长 0.84 个月（95%置信区间 0.41-1.28）。
结论
产妇对婴儿健康益处的了解，以及在社交环境中对母乳喂养的舒适度，与纯母乳喂养的意图直接相关。在产前干预中解决这些问题可能会增加纯母乳喂养的意图和持续时间。
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