Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UPMC-Paris VI, INSERM UMRS 952, CNRS UMR 7224, Physiopathologie des maladies du Système Nerveux Central, Paris, France.
J Neurosci Res. 2011 May;89(5):764-72. doi: 10.1002/jnr.22568. Epub 2011 Feb 22.
The hydroosmotic balance of the body is controlled by supraoptic nuclei and paraventricular nuclei of the hypothalamo-posthypophyseal complex. In response to a physiological stimulation such as an osmotic stress, the supraoptic nuclei (SON) and the paraventricular nuclei undergo remarkable neurochemical and morphological changes. Therefore, the neuroendocrine hypothalamus is a particularly relevant model for studying the molecular and cellular mechanisms that govern these plasticity phenomena. Slices of rat hypothalamus maintained ex vivo by perfusion were used to study the short-term involvement of noradrenaline (NA) and nitric oxide (NO) in the mechanisms of chemical plasticity of the SON. NA is involved early in the regulation of the expression of neuropeptides, including vasopressin (AVP) and oxytocin (OT). NO appears to be a key molecule in noradrenergic control of the chemical plasticity of the endocrine neurons: in the SON, NO is involved in the signaling pathway regulating the expression of AVP but not that of OT.
体内的水渗透平衡由下丘脑-垂体后叶复合体内的视上核和室旁核控制。作为对渗透压等生理刺激的响应，视上核（SON）和室旁核经历显著的神经化学和形态变化。因此，神经内分泌下丘脑是研究调控这些可塑性现象的分子和细胞机制的特别相关的模型。通过灌流体外维持的大鼠下丘脑切片用于研究去甲肾上腺素（NA）和一氧化氮（NO）在 SON 化学可塑性机制中的短期作用。NA 早期参与神经肽包括加压素（AVP）和催产素（OT）表达的调节。NO 似乎是去甲肾上腺素控制内分泌神经元化学可塑性的关键分子：在 SON 中，NO 参与调节 AVP 表达的信号通路，但不参与 OT 的表达。
