Lynge E
Danish Cancer Society, Danish Cancer Registry, Copenhagen.
Public Health Rev. 1990;18(2):99-116.
The 1970-census populations have been followed up for deaths and emigrations in the ten-year period 1970-80 in all the Nordic countries. The data show more than a 2-fold difference in overall mortality between the low-risk group of men with pedagogical work and the high-risk group of deck and engine crew workers. These data files have also been supplemented with cancer register records. In Denmark this combined data set has been used in four different ways. First, in order to check the validity of the register, classic associations known from in-depth epidemiological studies were tabulated. Examples are cancer of the lip in farmers and fishermen, where the standardized incidence ratio (SIR) values were 1.85 and 3.17, respectively, and cancer of the nasal cavities and sinuses in skilled furniture makers, SIR = 12.25. Second, a social cancer map was produced by tabulating the cancer incidence by 20 socioeconomic groups. The social gradient was steepest for certain rare cancers related to specific etiologic factors. The social gradient also varied across cancer sites. Third, the register was used as a library for elucidation of newly reported associations. An association confirmed in the Danish data is an excess risk of bladder cancer in hairdressers, SIR = 2.05. An unconfirmed example is an excess risk of malignant melanoma in the printing industry, where Danish data show an SIR of 0.95. Fourth, a systematic tabulation of each cancer diagnosis across detailed occupational groups may lead to identification of previously unknown associations. This procedure is illustrated using cancer of the larynx as an example. Smiths, mechanics, foremen, and shop owners of engineering works and workshops all have an excess risk of laryngeal cancer, SIR = 1.63.
在所有北欧国家，对1970年人口普查数据中的人口进行了随访，记录了1970年至1980年这十年间的死亡和移民情况。数据显示，从事教育工作的低风险男性群体与甲板和轮机船员的高风险群体之间，总体死亡率相差两倍多。这些数据文件还补充了癌症登记记录。在丹麦，这个综合数据集有四种不同的用途。首先，为了检验登记数据的有效性，列出了深入流行病学研究中已知的典型关联。例如，农民和渔民的唇癌，其标准化发病率（SIR）值分别为1.85和3.17；熟练家具制造商的鼻腔和鼻窦癌，SIR = 12.25。其次，通过按20个社会经济群体列出癌症发病率，绘制了社会癌症地图。对于某些与特定病因相关的罕见癌症，社会梯度最为明显。社会梯度在不同癌症部位也有所不同。第三，该登记数据被用作一个资料库，以阐明新报告的关联。在丹麦数据中得到证实的一种关联是，理发师患膀胱癌的风险过高，SIR = 2.05。一个未得到证实的例子是，印刷行业患恶性黑色素瘤的风险过高，丹麦数据显示SIR为0.95。第四，对每个癌症诊断按详细职业群体进行系统列表，可能会发现以前未知的关联。以喉癌为例说明了这一过程。工程厂和车间的铁匠、机械师、工头和店主患喉癌的风险都过高，SIR = 1.63。
