Muñoz Gabriela, Zamora Leonardo
Facultad de Ciencias del Mar y de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Valparaíso, Casilla 5080, Reñaca, Viña del Mar, Chile.
J Parasitol. 2011 Feb;97(1):14-9. doi: 10.1645/GE-2445.1. Epub 2010 Sep 28.
This study analyzed the variation of the parasite infracommunities and their relationship with the diet and spatial distribution of the clingfish Sicyases sanguineus during its ontogeny. In total, 154 clingfish were collected from the intertidal and the upper subtidal zone of Pacific Ocean along the central Chilean coast. A wide range in body length (1.4-34.5 cm) was observed, including juvenile and adult specimens. Eleven parasite species were found in the clingfish, i.e., 2 Copepoda, 2 Hirudinea, 1 Monogenea, 5 Digenea, and 1 Cestoda. The prevalence, total abundance, Brillouin's diversity index, and the infracommunity species richness increased with fish body length. The parasite communities, the diet, and the spatial distribution changed during clingfish ontogeny, specifically between juveniles (<20 cm body length [BL]) and adults (>20 cm BL). When fish reached a 20-cm BL, a considerable increment in abundance and species richness of parasites was observed; this coincided with an increase in the number of prey items in the diet and with a change of the fish from the intertidal into the subtidal zone. Therefore, the ontogeny of S. sanguineus is important for the variation of parasite infracommunities, which also was associated with dietary and spatial distribution shifts of this fish.
本研究分析了寄生性小群落的变化及其与智利中部沿海太平洋潮间带和潮下带上层区域红身矶塘鳢个体发育过程中饮食和空间分布的关系。总共从上述区域采集了154条矶塘鳢，观察到其体长范围很广（1.4 - 34.5厘米），包括幼体和成体标本。在矶塘鳢中发现了11种寄生虫，即2种桡足类、2种蛭纲动物、1种单殖吸虫、5种复殖吸虫和1种绦虫。寄生虫的感染率、总丰度、布里渊多样性指数和小群落物种丰富度均随鱼体长度增加而增加。在矶塘鳢个体发育过程中，尤其是在幼体（体长<20厘米）和成体（体长>20厘米）之间，寄生虫群落、饮食和空间分布发生了变化。当鱼体长达到20厘米时，观察到寄生虫的丰度和物种丰富度显著增加；这与饮食中猎物数量的增加以及鱼从潮间带进入潮下带的变化相吻合。因此，红身矶塘鳢的个体发育对寄生性小群落的变化很重要，这也与该鱼类的饮食和空间分布变化有关。
