Koyama K, Yasui T
Department of Dental Health, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Saitama, Japan.
Meikai Daigaku Shigaku Zasshi. 1990;19(3):323-39.
In this study, we carried out epidemiological surveys on some of the factors that seem to be related to periodontal disease in adolescence, and tried to clarify the cause of periodontal disease in young people. Moreover, the direction needed for effective education of school students in the field of school dental health was discussed. The subjects of this study were 232 junior high school students and 142 high school students. Oral conditions evaluated in terms of the PMA index, the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) and the salivary occult bleeding level for periodontal disease, the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S) for oral hygiene, and the DMFT index for caries experience. Psychological tests used in this study were the Yatabe-Guilford test (Y-G test), the Cornell Medical Index (CMI), and the Manifest Anxiety Scale (MAS). The dental questionnaire developed by Maeda was changed to a simpler form and used to obtain information on personal aspects or parameters such as the ability to recognize one's oral condition, their knowledge of proper dental health, consciousness about and interest in dental health, dental experience and health behavior. The condition of periodontal disease and the OHI-S value tended to improve as the school grade went up, especially among junior high school students. Regarding the personal aspects the subjects who had knowledge of proper dental health, consciousness about and interest in dental health, and health behavior tended to show a lower PMA index; and there were differences in these parameters between junior high school students and high school students. Among junior high school students the results suggested that consciousness about and interest in such factors as gingival bleeding, bad breath and sticky feeling in the mouth caused better dental health behavior. In the psychological aspects, the PMA index value tended to be lower in the low-anxiety group than in the high-anxiety group. From these findings, periodontal disease in adolescence appears to be affected by not only the oral hygiene condition but also personal parameters and psychological factors. In school dental health, therefore, personal health guidance by the teacher in charge who knows the student well is very important in order to improve the periodontal condition, together with the correct examination and evaluation by the school dentists.
在本研究中，我们对一些似乎与青少年牙周病相关的因素进行了流行病学调查，并试图阐明年轻人牙周病的病因。此外，还讨论了在学校口腔卫生领域对在校学生进行有效教育所需的方向。本研究的对象是232名初中生和142名高中生。根据菌斑指数（PMA）、社区牙周治疗需求指数（CPITN）以及牙周病的唾液潜血水平评估口腔状况，根据简化口腔卫生指数（OHI-S）评估口腔卫生状况，根据龋失补指数（DMFT）评估龋病经历。本研究中使用的心理测试包括矢田部-吉尔福德测试（Y-G测试）、康奈尔医学指数（CMI）和显性焦虑量表（MAS）。前田开发的牙科问卷被简化并用于获取有关个人方面或参数的信息，例如认识自身口腔状况的能力、正确的口腔卫生知识、对口腔健康的意识和兴趣、看牙经历以及健康行为。牙周病状况和OHI-S值随着年级升高而趋于改善，尤其是在初中生中。在个人方面，具备正确口腔卫生知识、对口腔健康有意识和兴趣以及有健康行为的受试者往往菌斑指数较低；初中生和高中生在这些参数上存在差异。在初中生中，结果表明对牙龈出血、口臭和口腔黏腻感等因素的意识和兴趣会促使更好的口腔健康行为。在心理方面，低焦虑组的菌斑指数值往往低于高焦虑组。从这些发现来看，青少年牙周病似乎不仅受到口腔卫生状况的影响，还受到个人参数和心理因素的影响。因此，在学校口腔卫生中，为了改善牙周状况，负责的教师在了解学生的情况下进行个人健康指导非常重要，同时学校牙医要进行正确的检查和评估。
