Tenkanen Helena, Tiihonen Jari, Repo-Tiihonen Eila, Kinnunen Juha
Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
J Forensic Nurs. 2011 Mar;7(1):32-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1939-3938.2010.01093.x.
The importance of core competencies (CC) and their relationship to core interventions in clinical practice guidelines on schizophrenia (CPGS), and the abilities to master these competencies were studied among registered nurses (RN) and practical mental nurses (PMN) in a forensic psychiatric setting. Data were collected from RNs, PMNs, and managers of all five forensic psychiatric facilities in Finland. The research material was obtained by using a 360-degree feedback method. The response rate was 68% (N = 428). The differences between the nurse groups were statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) regarding the importance of and ability to master the following CCs: (1) pharmacotherapy, (2) knowledge in forensic psychiatry and violent behavior, (3) the treatment of violent patients, (4) processing patient's and own emotion, and (5) need-adapted treatment of the patient. Overall, RNs exceeded PMNs in mastering the CCs, however the principles of the CPGS were not achieved within the current resources in Finland. In summary, RNs, rather than PMNs, should be recruited for work in forensic psychiatric nursing, although a considerable amount of specific training would still be required to achieve competence. Implications of our research indicate that all nurses working in this area need to receive further education in forensic psychiatry and in forensic psychiatric nursing.
在法医精神病学环境中，研究了注册护士（RN）和实用精神科护士（PMN）的核心能力（CC）的重要性及其与精神分裂症临床实践指南（CPGS）中核心干预措施的关系，以及掌握这些能力的情况。数据收集自芬兰所有五家法医精神病学机构的注册护士、实用精神科护士和管理人员。研究材料通过360度反馈法获得。回复率为68%（N = 428）。在掌握以下核心能力的重要性和能力方面，护士群体之间的差异具有统计学意义（p≤0.05）：（1）药物治疗，（2）法医精神病学和暴力行为知识，（3）暴力患者的治疗，（4）处理患者和自身情绪，以及（5）根据患者需求进行适应性治疗。总体而言，注册护士在掌握核心能力方面超过实用精神科护士，然而，芬兰目前的资源无法实现临床实践指南的原则。总之，应招聘注册护士而非实用精神科护士从事法医精神病护理工作，尽管仍需要大量的特定培训才能达到胜任能力。我们的研究表明，所有从事该领域工作的护士都需要接受法医精神病学和法医精神病护理方面的进一步教育。
