Friends Research Institute, MD 21201, USA.
J Subst Abuse Treat. 2011 Jul;41(1):21-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jsat.2011.01.008. Epub 2011 Feb 24.
Interim methadone (IM; with emergency counseling only) is an effective but highly restricted alternative to methadone treatment program (MTP) waiting lists. However, it is not known whether IM disadvantages patients as compared with standard methadone treatment (SM). In this clinical trial, conducted in two MTPs, 230 newly admitted patients were randomly assigned to IM, SM, and "restored" methadone treatment (SM with a counselor with a reduced caseload). Data were analyzed using generalized estimating equations and generalized linear modeling. There were no significant differences among conditions in days in treatment or of heroin or cocaine use and heroin- or cocaine-positive urine drug tests. The IM as compared to the SM group had significantly fewer self-reported days of criminal activity and lower amounts of money spent on drugs and illegal income. These findings suggest that when SM is unavailable, IM should be more widely used and less restricted.
美沙酮暂行治疗（IM，仅提供紧急咨询）是一种有效的替代方法，但对美沙酮治疗计划（MTP）的候补名单限制极高。然而，与标准美沙酮治疗（SM）相比，IM 是否对患者不利尚不清楚。在这项在两个 MTP 中进行的临床试验中，230 名新入院的患者被随机分配到 IM、SM 和“恢复”美沙酮治疗（SM，配备一名咨询师，工作量减少）。使用广义估计方程和广义线性模型分析数据。在治疗天数、海洛因或可卡因使用天数以及海洛因或可卡因尿液药物检测阳性方面，三种治疗条件之间没有显著差异。与 SM 组相比，IM 组报告的犯罪活动天数明显较少，用于毒品和非法收入的金额也较低。这些发现表明，当 SM 不可用时，应更广泛地使用 IM，限制应更少。
