School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Lanzhou Jiaotong University, Lanzhou 730070, China.
Environ Monit Assess. 2011 Dec;183(1-4):139-50. doi: 10.1007/s10661-011-1913-1. Epub 2011 Mar 1.
The level, distribution, compositional pattern, and possible sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in agricultural soil of Shanghai were investigated. The concentrations ranged from 140.7 to 2,370.8 μg kg( -1) for 21 PAHs and from 92.2 to 2,062.7 μg kg( -1) for 16 priority PAHs, respectively. The higher level of PAHs was mainly distributed in the south and west of Shanghai region, and the lower concentration was found in Chongming Island. Generally, the composition pattern of PAHs was characterized with high molecular weight PAHs, the seven possible carcinogenic PAHs accounted for 4.8-50.8% of the total PAHs, and fluoranthene, pyrene, and benzo[b]fluoranthene were the most dominant components in soil samples. The correlation analysis suggested that low molecular weight PAHs and high molecular weight PAHs were originated from different sources and further corroborated that total organic carbon was a key soil property affecting the fate of persistent organic pollutants in the environment. The isomer ratios and principal component analysis indicated that PAHs in the investigated areas were derived primarily from combustion of biomass, coal, and petroleum. Compared to the soil quality standards of the Netherlands, all the target PAHs (except Ant) in most samples exceeded their target values. The Nemerow composite index based on the same soil quality standard showed that 69.4% of the soil samples were heavily polluted. The total BaP(eq) of ten Dutch target PAHs in 72% soil samples were higher than the reference total carcinogenic potency. Therefore, the agricultural soil in Shanghai is suffering from serious PAHs contamination.
本研究调查了上海农业土壤中多环芳烃（PAHs）的水平、分布、组成模式和可能来源。21 种 PAHs 的浓度范围为 140.7 至 2370.8μgkg(-1)，16 种优先 PAHs 的浓度范围为 92.2 至 2062.7μgkg(-1)。较高水平的 PAHs 主要分布在上海的南部和西部，而在崇明岛发现的浓度较低。一般来说，PAHs 的组成模式以高分子量 PAHs 为特征，这 7 种可能致癌的 PAHs 占总 PAHs 的 4.8-50.8%，荧蒽、芘和苯并[b]荧蒽是土壤样品中最主要的成分。相关性分析表明，低分子量 PAHs 和高分子量 PAHs 来源于不同的来源，进一步证实了总有机碳是影响环境中持久性有机污染物命运的关键土壤特性。异构体比值和主成分分析表明，研究区域的 PAHs 主要来自生物质、煤和石油的燃烧。与荷兰的土壤质量标准相比，大多数样本中的所有目标 PAHs（Ant 除外）都超过了其目标值。基于相同土壤质量标准的 Nemerow 综合指数表明，69.4%的土壤样本受到严重污染。72%土壤样本中 10 种荷兰目标 PAHs 的总 BaP(eq)高于参考总致癌潜能。因此，上海农业土壤受到严重的 PAHs 污染。
