Department of Biological Sciences and Graduate School of Nanoscience and Technology, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 305-701, Korea.
Mol Cells. 2011 Apr;31(4):295-302. doi: 10.1007/s10059-011-0051-5. Epub 2011 Feb 25.
A variety of organic and inorganic nanomaterials with dimensions below several hundred nanometers are recently emerging as promising tools for cancer therapeutic and diagnostic applications due to their unique characteristics of passive tumor targeting. A wide range of nanomedicine platforms such as polymeric micelles, liposomes, dendrimers, and polymeric nanoparticles have been extensively explored for targeted delivery of anti-cancer agents, because they can accumulate in the solid tumor site via leaky tumor vascular structures, thereby selectively delivering therapeutic payloads into the desired tumor tissue. In recent years, nanoscale delivery vehicles for small interfering RNA (siRNA) have been also developed as effective therapeutic approaches to treat cancer. Furthermore, rationally designed multi-functional surface modification of these nanomaterials with cancer targeting moieties, protective polymers, and imaging agents can lead to fabrication versatile theragnostic nanosystems that allow simultaneous cancer therapy and diagnosis. This review highlights the current state and future prospects of diverse biomedical nanomaterials for cancer therapy and imaging.
各种具有几百纳米以下尺寸的有机和无机纳米材料由于其被动靶向肿瘤的独特特性，最近作为癌症治疗和诊断应用的有前途的工具而出现。各种纳米医学平台，如聚合物胶束、脂质体、树枝状大分子和聚合物纳米粒子，已经被广泛探索用于靶向输送抗癌剂，因为它们可以通过渗漏的肿瘤血管结构在实体瘤部位积累，从而将治疗有效载荷选择性地递送到所需的肿瘤组织中。近年来，纳米级小干扰 RNA (siRNA) 的递药载体也被开发为治疗癌症的有效治疗方法。此外，通过合理设计，用癌症靶向部分、保护聚合物和成像剂对这些纳米材料进行多功能表面修饰，可以制造出多功能的治疗诊断纳米系统，实现癌症的同时治疗和诊断。本文综述了用于癌症治疗和成像的各种生物医学纳米材料的现状和未来前景。
