奥地利城乡人口的健康行为及对筛查检查的态度：性别因素——筛查与性别
Health behaviour and attitude towards screening examinations in an Austrian urban and rural population: gender aspects - screening and sex.
作者信息
Göbl Christian S, Ortag Felix, Bozkurt Latife, Smeikal Alexandra, Dadak Christian, Kautzky-Willer Alexandra
机构信息
Unit of Gender Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine III, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
出版信息
Wien Med Wochenschr. 2011 Mar;161(5-6):143-8. doi: 10.1007/s10354-011-0867-9. Epub 2011 Mar 7.
BACKGROUND
Both sexes are at different risks for cancers and gender-dependent fears and barriers might influence their attitude towards screening. The aim of the present study was to assess gender issues in demographic variables which could influence the use of screening examinations.
METHODS
A standardized questionnaire was used to assess data of 513 Austrians, with urban and rural location of residence, aged 35-65 years. An elderly age group was additionally assessed in the urban region.
RESULTS
Women of both age groups showed lower screening rates for bowel cancer. Living in partnership was predictive for breast cancer screening in females, whereas higher educational level was negatively associated with PSA screening in younger men. Additionally, increasing age was associated with less screening for breast and cervix cancer in older women.
CONCLUSIONS
There is evidence for gender-related differences in the attitude towards screening in Austria. Different socio-demographic variables might be responsible.
背景
男性和女性患癌症的风险不同，与性别相关的恐惧和障碍可能会影响他们对筛查的态度。本研究的目的是评估人口统计学变量中的性别问题，这些问题可能会影响筛查检查的使用。
方法
使用标准化问卷对513名居住在奥地利城乡、年龄在35至65岁之间的人进行数据评估。此外，还对城市地区的老年人群体进行了评估。
结果
两个年龄组的女性患肠癌的筛查率较低。有伴侣生活是女性乳腺癌筛查的预测因素，而较高的教育水平与年轻男性的前列腺特异性抗原（PSA）筛查呈负相关。此外，年龄增长与老年女性乳腺癌和宫颈癌筛查减少有关。
结论
有证据表明奥地利在筛查态度上存在与性别相关的差异。不同的社会人口统计学变量可能是原因所在。
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