Baer Prevention Initiatives, Children's Hospital Boston, MA, USA.
Psychiatr Serv. 2011 Mar;62(3):247-54. doi: 10.1176/ps.62.3.pss6203_0247.
Robust scientific evidence shows that mental, emotional, and behavioral disorders can be prevented before they begin. This article highlights and expands points from a 2009 Institute of Medicine report to provide a concise summary of the literature on preventing mental illness. Because prevention requires intervention before the onset of illness, effective preventive approaches are often interdisciplinary and developmental. Evidence-based preventive strategies are discussed for the different phases of a young person's life. Specific recommendations to focus on parenting, child development, and the prevention of depression are made for a target audience of practicing psychiatrists and mental health professionals. Further systemic recommendations are to prioritize prevention and to coordinate and facilitate research on preventive practices in order to reduce suffering, create healthier families, and save money.
强有力的科学证据表明,心理、情绪和行为障碍是可以在其发生之前进行预防的。本文重点阐述和扩展了 2009 年美国医学研究所报告中的观点,为预防精神疾病的文献提供了简明的总结。由于预防需要在疾病发生之前进行干预,因此有效的预防方法通常是跨学科和发展性的。本文讨论了针对年轻人生命不同阶段的循证预防策略。针对实际从事精神科医生和精神健康专业人员这一目标受众,提出了关注育儿、儿童发展和预防抑郁的具体建议。进一步的系统建议是优先考虑预防,并协调和促进预防实践的研究,以减少痛苦、创建更健康的家庭和节省资金。