Bisht Deepa, Chanotiya Chandan S
Department ofBotany, Govt PG College, Kumaun University, Ramnagar, Nainital-244715, Uttarakhand, India.
Nat Prod Commun. 2011 Jan;6(1):111-4.
The leaf essential oils of Zanthoxylum armatum DC (Rutaceae) from Kumaon, India, extracted by hydrodistillation, were analyzed by capillary gas chromatography (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The major classes of compounds found in the leaf oils were acyclic and menthane monoterpenoids as well as simple alcohols, aldehydes and ketones. The high proportion of non-terpenic acyclic ketones, notably 2-undecanone and 2-tridecanone, and the low abundance of undec-10-en-1-al and p-phellandren-8-ol make the composition entirely new. Other constituents present in significant amounts were oxygenated monoterpenes, which include 1,8-cineole, linalool, terpinen-4-ol, and alpha-terpineol, and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons represented mainly by trans-caryophyllene, a-humulene and germacrene D. On the contrary, the oil distilled from the leaves on the second day of distillation was characterized by a high content of 2-tridecanone (27.1%) and trans-caryophyllene (7.4%), as compared with 3.5% and 4.6%, respectively, for the fresh leaves; a slight decrease in pH of the distillate was also significant. Moreover, the presence of a high 2-undecanone content followed by 2-tridecanone is being reported for the first time for Z. armatum from this region. In terms of molecular diversity, the simple acyclic ketones dominate the essential oils as compared with linalool that was reported in several previous studies on Z. armatum. Therefore, the two acyclic ketones may be utilized to establish the origin and authenticity of the material.
对采自印度库马盎地区的芸香科植物竹叶椒（Zanthoxylum armatum DC）叶片，采用水蒸馏法提取其精油，并通过毛细管气相色谱（GC-FID）和气相色谱-质谱联用仪（GC-MS）进行分析。叶油中发现的主要化合物类别为无环和薄荷烷单萜类化合物以及简单的醇类、醛类和酮类。非萜类无环酮类化合物比例较高，尤其是2-十一烷酮和2-十三烷酮，而10-十一烯-1-醛和对-水芹烯-8-醇含量较低，这使得其成分完全新颖。其他大量存在的成分是含氧单萜类化合物，包括1,8-桉叶素、芳樟醇、萜品-4-醇和α-松油醇，以及倍半萜烃类化合物，主要由反式石竹烯、α-葎草烯和杜松烯D代表。相反，蒸馏第二天的叶片所提取的油，其特征在于2-十三烷酮（27.1%）和反式石竹烯（7.4%）含量较高，相比之下，新鲜叶片中这两种成分的含量分别为3.5%和4.6%；馏出液pH值的轻微下降也很显著。此外，该地区竹叶椒首次报道了高含量的2-十一烷酮，其次是2-十三烷酮。在分子多样性方面，与之前多项关于竹叶椒的研究中报道的芳樟醇相比，简单的无环酮类化合物在精油中占主导地位。因此，这两种无环酮类化合物可用于确定该材料的来源和真伪。
