School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia.
Alcohol. 2011 Nov;45(7):701-9. doi: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2010.10.009. Epub 2011 Mar 2.
There is inconsistent evidence about the association between school performance and subsequent use of alcohol and alcohol problems in adolescents and young adults. This study examines whether school performance at 14 years is associated with drinking problems in early adulthood; and whether this association is explained by family and individual factors in childhood and adolescence. Data were from a 21-year follow-up of 3,478 Australian young adults from birth to the age of 21 years when data on use of alcohol were collected. Child school performance (CSP) was assessed at 14 years via self- and maternal report. Alcohol consumption at 21 years was measured via self-report, and alcohol abuse and dependence were assessed by the computerized version of Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI-Auto). Potential confounding factors were prospectively measured between the child's birth and age of 14 years. School performance at 14 years predicted young adults' alcohol consumption and alcohol use disorders (AUDs). After controlling for confounding, children who had lower school performance had increased risk of drinking more than two glasses of alcohol per day in early adulthood (odds ratio=1.7; 95% confidence interval: 1.1-2.6). There was a similar pattern of association between CSP and young adults' alcohol abuse and dependence (AUD) measured by CIDI-Auto. Level of academic performance in high school children predicts their drinking problems as young adults, independently of a selected group of individual and family confounders. Exploration of the pathway linking school performance and alcohol problems in young people may help identify opportunities for preventive interventions.
关于在校表现与青少年和年轻成人之后的饮酒和酒精问题使用之间的关联，存在不一致的证据。本研究检验了 14 岁时的在校表现是否与成年早期的饮酒问题有关；以及这种关联是否可以用童年和青少年时期的家庭和个体因素来解释。该数据来自于一项 21 年的随访研究，研究对象为 3478 名澳大利亚年轻人，从出生到 21 岁，在此期间收集了他们饮酒的数据。儿童在校表现（CSP）在 14 岁时通过自我和母亲报告进行评估。21 岁时的饮酒量通过自我报告进行测量，而酒精滥用和依赖则通过计算机化的复合国际诊断访谈（CIDI-Auto）进行评估。潜在的混杂因素在儿童出生到 14 岁之间进行了前瞻性测量。14 岁时的在校表现预测了年轻人的饮酒量和酒精使用障碍（AUD）。在校表现较差的儿童在成年早期每天饮用超过两杯酒的风险增加（比值比=1.7；95%置信区间：1.1-2.6）。在校表现与通过 CIDI-Auto 测量的年轻人的酒精滥用和依赖（AUD）之间存在类似的关联模式。中学阶段孩子的学业成绩水平可以预测他们成年早期的饮酒问题，而不受个人和家庭混杂因素的影响。探索将在校表现和年轻人的饮酒问题联系起来的途径，可能有助于确定预防干预的机会。
