Ma P X, Langer R
Departments of Biologic and Materials Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Macromolecular Sciences and Engineering Center, University of Michigan School of Dentistry, Ann Arbor, MI.
Methods Mol Med. 1999;18:47-56. doi: 10.1385/0-89603-516-6:47.
Organ transplantation has been successful since the early 1960s as a result of the success in immunologic suppression in the clinical setting (1), and has saved, and is continuing to save, countless lives, but is far from a perfect solution to tissue losses or organ failures. By far the most serious problem facing transplantation is donor scarcity. Approximately 30,000 Americans need liver transplantation each year, but only about 10% of the patients have the chance to receive a donated liver transplant (2). There is a total of approx 100,000 people in the United States with transplants, but there are more than 1 million with biomedical implants (3). Tissue engineering and cell transplantation are fields emerging to resolve the missing tissue and organ problems.
自20世纪60年代初以来，由于临床环境中免疫抑制的成功，器官移植一直很成功(1)，并且已经挽救了无数生命，而且仍在继续挽救生命，但远不是解决组织损失或器官衰竭的完美方案。到目前为止，移植面临的最严重问题是供体短缺。每年约有3万名美国人需要肝脏移植，但只有约10%的患者有机会接受捐赠肝脏移植(2)。美国共有约10万人接受了移植，但有超过100万人植入了生物医学装置(3)。组织工程和细胞移植是为解决组织和器官缺失问题而兴起的领域。
