Laboratoire Biologie Cellulaire, FRE/CNRS 3396, Université Bordeaux Segalen, 146 rue Léo-Saignat, Bordeaux Cedex, France.
Part Fibre Toxicol. 2011 Mar 3;8:10. doi: 10.1186/1743-8977-8-10.
Some manufactured nanoparticles are metal-based and have a wide variety of applications in electronic, engineering and medicine. Until now, many studies have described the potential toxicity of NPs on pulmonary target, while little attention has been paid to kidney which is considered to be a secondary target organ. The objective of this study, on human renal culture cells, was to assess the toxicity profile of metallic nanoparticles (TiO2, ZnO and CdS) usable in industrial production. Comparative studies were conducted, to identify whether particle properties impact cytotoxicity by altering the intracellular oxidative status.
Nanoparticles were first characterized by size, surface charge, dispersion and solubility. Cytotoxicity of NPs was then evaluated in IP15 (glomerular mesangial) and HK-2 (epithelial proximal) cell lines. ZnO and CdS NPs significantly increased the cell mortality, in a dose-dependent manner. Cytotoxic effects were correlated with the physicochemical properties of NPs tested and the cell type used. Analysis of reactive oxygen species and intracellular levels of reduced and oxidized glutathione revealed that particles induced stress according to their composition, size and solubility. Protein involved in oxidative stress such as NF-κb was activated with ZnO and CdS nanoparticles. Such effects were not observed with TiO2 nanoparticles.
On glomerular and tubular human renal cells, ZnO and CdS nanoparticles exerted cytotoxic effects that were correlated with metal composition, particle scale and metal solubility. ROS production and oxidative stress induction clearly indicated their nephrotoxic potential.
一些制造的纳米颗粒是基于金属的，在电子、工程和医学领域有广泛的应用。到目前为止，许多研究已经描述了 NPs 对肺部靶器官的潜在毒性，而对肾脏这一被认为是次要靶器官的关注较少。本研究的目的是在人肾培养细胞上评估可用于工业生产的金属纳米颗粒（TiO2、ZnO 和 CdS）的毒性特征。进行了比较研究，以确定颗粒特性是否通过改变细胞内氧化状态来影响细胞毒性。
首先对纳米颗粒的大小、表面电荷、分散性和溶解度进行了表征。然后在 IP15（肾小球系膜）和 HK-2（上皮近端）细胞系中评估了 NPs 的细胞毒性。ZnO 和 CdS NPs 显著增加了细胞死亡率，呈剂量依赖性。细胞毒性效应与所测试的 NPs 的物理化学特性和所用的细胞类型相关。活性氧和还原型和氧化型谷胱甘肽的细胞内水平分析表明，颗粒根据其组成、大小和溶解度诱导应激。与 ZnO 和 CdS 纳米颗粒一样，氧化应激相关的蛋白 NF-κb 被激活。TiO2 纳米颗粒则没有观察到这种效应。
在肾小球和肾小管人肾细胞上，ZnO 和 CdS 纳米颗粒表现出的细胞毒性与金属成分、颗粒尺度和金属溶解度有关。ROS 产生和氧化应激诱导清楚地表明了它们的肾毒性潜力。
