Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, School of Dental Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 19676-00200, Nairobi, Kenya.
J Craniomaxillofac Surg. 2012 Jan;40(1):e8-14. doi: 10.1016/j.jcms.2011.01.020. Epub 2011 Mar 3.
To evaluate the clinical features and histopathological types of orofacial malignant neoplasms in children.
The study involved patients aged 15 years and below diagnosed with malignancy at two main referral hospitals in Kenya during the period from July, 2008 to December, 2008. A questionnaire and clinical examination chart were used to document data. Data analysis was done using SPSS 12.0 programme.
65 children (44 males, 21 females) with ages ranging from 0.25 to 14 years were evaluated. The main complaints were swelling 61 (94%) and visual disturbance 29 (45%). The mean duration of symptoms was 0.17-36 months. The commonest signs were leucocoria (white reflection from the retina) 23 (35%), proptosis 19 (29%) and loss of vision 15 (23%). The commonest sites were orbit 30 (46%) and maxilla 11 (17%). Most neoplasms were retinoblastoma 26 (40%), followed by 14 (21%) cases of Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) and occurred in patients under 5 years of age (40 cases) followed by 19 cases in children aged 5-10 years.
Overall, malignancies were more common in males than females with most having been diagnosed in children aged less than 10 years. Retinoblastoma and BL were the most common neoplasms.
评估儿童口腔颌面恶性肿瘤的临床特征和组织病理学类型。
本研究纳入了 2008 年 7 月至 2008 年 12 月期间，在肯尼亚的两家主要转诊医院诊断为恶性肿瘤的 15 岁及以下儿童患者。使用问卷和临床检查图表记录数据。数据分析使用 SPSS 12.0 程序完成。
共评估了 65 名儿童（44 名男性，21 名女性），年龄从 0.25 岁至 14 岁不等。主要症状为肿胀 61 例（94%）和视力障碍 29 例（45%）。症状平均持续时间为 0.17-36 个月。最常见的体征是白瞳症（视网膜的白色反射）23 例（35%）、眼球突出 19 例（29%）和视力丧失 15 例（23%）。最常见的部位是眼眶 30 例（46%）和上颌骨 11 例（17%）。大多数肿瘤为视网膜母细胞瘤 26 例（40%），其次是 Burkitt 淋巴瘤 14 例（21%），发生在 5 岁以下儿童（40 例），其次是 5-10 岁儿童 19 例。
总体而言，恶性肿瘤在男性中比女性更常见，大多数患者在 10 岁以下被诊断。视网膜母细胞瘤和 Burkitt 淋巴瘤是最常见的肿瘤。
