He Kainga Oranga/Housing and Health Research Programme, Department of Public Health, University of Otago, Wellington, New Zealand.
Accid Anal Prev. 2011 May;43(3):998-1002. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2010.11.027. Epub 2010 Dec 31.
Home injury is thought to constitute a major health burden in most developed countries. However, efforts to address this burden have been hampered by reluctance from outside agencies to interfere with the home environment of individuals, even if it benefits the occupant's safety. This paper outlines cost-benefit evaluation methods established in the transport safety domain applied to home safety to estimate the social cost of unintentional home injury in New Zealand. Estimates of costs imposed on society by home injury can provide an important motivator for initiating research and programmes to reduce home injury risk. Data sources used included mortality data, hospitalisation data and data on minor injuries that required medical treatment, but not hospital admission. We estimated that unintentional home injuries in New Zealand impose an annual social cost of about $NZ 13 billion (about $US 9 billion), which is about 3.5 times the annual social cost of road injury. These estimates provide a rational evidence base for decisions on housing-focused safety regulation or interventions that always carry some cost, and therefore need to be weighed against the benefits of injuries potentially prevented.
家庭伤害被认为是大多数发达国家的一个主要健康负担。然而，尽管这有利于居住者的安全，但是外部机构不愿干预个人的家庭环境，这阻碍了人们努力解决这一负担。本文概述了已在交通安全领域确立的成本效益评估方法在家庭安全领域的应用，以估计新西兰非故意伤害家庭伤害的社会成本。家庭伤害给社会带来的成本估算可以为启动减少家庭伤害风险的研究和项目提供重要动力。使用的数据来源包括死亡率数据、住院数据以及需要医疗但无需住院治疗的轻伤数据。我们估计，新西兰的非故意伤害家庭伤害每年造成约 130 亿新西兰元（约 90 亿美元）的社会成本，约为道路伤害年社会成本的 3.5 倍。这些估算为住房安全监管或干预措施提供了合理的决策依据，因为这些措施总是存在一定的成本，因此需要权衡可能预防的伤害带来的好处。
