VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, Vuorimiehentie 3, PO Box 1000, 02044 VTT, Finland.
Accid Anal Prev. 2011 May;43(3):1089-94. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2010.12.017. Epub 2011 Jan 15.
This study was designed to investigate the effects of three countermeasures--landscaping, building a fence and prohibitive signs--on the frequency of trespassing, which in this case means crossing the track at places where it is forbidden. At each location the official route was no more than 300 m away. The main results showed that the effect of each countermeasure on the frequency of trespassing was statistically significant. Specifically, the fencing reduced trespassing by 94.6%, followed by landscaping (91.3%) and prohibitive signs (30.7%). The majority of illegal crossings were committed alone and the persons trespassing were mostly adults and men. In addition, the results demonstrated some tendencies of how the effects of the selected countermeasures can vary with the characteristics of the trespassers. The main implication of this study is that the building of physical barriers such as landscaping or fencing is recommended for reducing trespassing. However, if the required resources are not available or the site is not suitable for such measures, the use of prohibitive signs is recommended. Further, there is a need to tailor the countermeasures to the characteristics of the trespassers in order to ensure that the most appropriate countermeasures are applied.
本研究旨在探讨三种对策（绿化、设置围栏和禁止标志）对违规穿越（即在禁止穿越的地方穿越轨道）频率的影响。在每个地点，官方路线都不超过 300 米。主要结果表明，每种对策对违规穿越频率的影响均具有统计学意义。具体而言，围栏将违规穿越减少了 94.6%，其次是绿化（91.3%）和禁止标志（30.7%）。大多数非法穿越都是单独进行的，违规者大多是成年人和男性。此外，研究结果还表明，所选对策的效果可能会随着违规者特征的变化而有所不同。本研究的主要启示是，建议采用物理障碍（如绿化或围栏）来减少违规穿越。然而，如果没有所需的资源或场地不适合采取这些措施，则建议使用禁止标志。此外，需要根据违规者的特征来调整对策，以确保采取最合适的对策。
