School of Psychology, University of Southampton, UK.
Clin Neurophysiol. 2011 Sep;122(9):1726-34. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2011.02.001. Epub 2011 Mar 4.
Neurophysiological methods were used to study the effects of high altitude living on brain functions in a subgroup of participants of the Bolivian Children Living at Altitude (BoCLA) project.
Electroencephalogram (EEG), event-related potentials (ERP) and cerebral blood flow velocity (CBFV) were recorded in two groups of adolescents (aged 13-16 years), living either at sea-level or high altitude (~3700m).
Neuropsychological testing revealed no deficits in the high altitude group, despite significantly reduced blood oxygen saturation. In agreement, ERPs elicited by oddball target detection and choice reaction time tasks were not different between groups. In contrast, resting state EEG showed reductions in delta and beta frequency amplitudes in adolescents living at high altitude. The EEG attenuations were correlated with lower CBFV, and the EEG group differences diminished during task performance.
No indication was found for negative sequelae of chronic hypoxia in adolescents born and living at an altitude of ~3700m, rather evidence for successful neurophysiological adaptation was found under such conditions.
Dynamic regulation of metabolic demand is one adaptive mechanism that preserves cognitive development at high altitude.
利用神经生理学方法研究高海拔生活对玻利维亚高海拔儿童生活（BoCLA）项目部分参与者脑功能的影响。
在两组青少年（年龄在 13-16 岁）中记录脑电图（EEG）、事件相关电位（ERP）和脑血流速度（CBFV），一组生活在海平面，另一组生活在高海拔（约 3700 米）。
尽管血氧饱和度明显降低，但高海拔组的神经心理学测试并未发现缺陷。一致的是，由奇异目标检测和选择反应时间任务引起的 ERP 也没有组间差异。相比之下，在高海拔生活的青少年中，静息状态 EEG 的 delta 和 beta 频率振幅降低。EEG 衰减与较低的 CBFV 相关，并且在任务执行过程中，EEG 组间差异减小。
在出生和生活在约 3700 米海拔的青少年中，没有发现慢性缺氧的负面后果的迹象，而是在这种情况下发现了成功的神经生理学适应的证据。
代谢需求的动态调节是在高海拔地区保持认知发展的一种适应机制。
