Centre of Excellence in Cleaner Production, Curtin University, Bentley, Western Australia 6845, Australia.
Environ Sci Technol. 2011 Apr 1;45(7):3069-74. doi: 10.1021/es1031807. Epub 2011 Mar 7.
While the use of biodiesel appears to be a promising alternative to petroleum fuel, the replacement of fossil fuel by biofuel may not bring about the intended climate cooling because of the increased soil N2O emissions due to N-fertilizer applications. Using a life cycle assessment approach, we assessed the influence of soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions on the life cycle global warming potential of the production and combustion of biodiesel from canola oil produced in a semiarid climate. Utilizing locally measured soil N2O emissions, rather than the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) default values, decreased greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from the production and combustion of 1 GJ biodiesel from 63 to 37 carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2-e)/GJ. GHG were 1.1 to 2.1 times lower than those from petroleum or petroleum-based diesel depending on which soil N2O emission factors were included in the analysis. The advantages of utilizing biodiesel rapidly declined when blended with petroleum diesel. Mitigation strategies that decrease emissions from the production and application of N fertilizers may further decrease the life cycle GHG emissions in the production and combustion of biodiesel.
虽然生物柴油的使用似乎是石油燃料的一种很有前途的替代品，但由于施用氮肥会导致土壤一氧化二氮（N2O）排放量增加，生物燃料对化石燃料的替代可能不会带来预期的气候降温效果。本研究采用生命周期评估方法，评估了在半干旱气候下生产菜籽油生物柴油的生产和燃烧过程中土壤一氧化二氮（N2O）排放对生命周期全球变暖潜力的影响。利用当地测量的土壤 N2O 排放值，而不是政府间气候变化专门委员会（IPCC）缺省值，可以将 1 GJ 生物柴油的生产和燃烧过程中的温室气体（GHG）排放量从 63 减少到 37 二氧化碳当量（CO2-e）/GJ。根据分析中包含的土壤 N2O 排放因子的不同，生物柴油的温室气体排放量比石油或石油基柴油低 1.1 到 2.1 倍。当与石油柴油混合使用时，生物柴油的优势迅速下降。减少生产和应用氮肥过程中排放的缓解策略可能会进一步降低生物柴油生产和燃烧过程中的生命周期温室气体排放。
