Departments of Kinesiology and Pediatrics and Human Development, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
Obes Rev. 2011 May;12(5):e73-83. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-789X.2010.00820.x. Epub 2011 Mar 8.
In the USA, several nutrition-related issues confront the normal growth, maturation and development of children and adolescents including obesity and food insecurity. The purpose of this paper is to provide a review of the concept of food insecurity and a summary of studies that have examined the association between food insecurity and overweight/obesity in children and adolescents. Besides the initial case report, we review 21 studies (16 cross-sectional and five prospective studies) that have been published on this topic as of December 2009. As there is limited literature in this area, we review studies that sample children and adolescents in the USA. The results are mixed with positive, negative and null associations. The reasons for the mixed results are difficult to disentangle. Among earlier studies, small samples hampered definitive conclusions. More recent studies with larger samples have overcome these limitations and tend to find no associations between these constructs. Nonetheless, all of the studies to date have shown that food insecurity and overweight co-exist - that is, even though there may not be statistically significant differences in overweight between food-insecure and food-secure children, the prevalence of overweight remains relatively high in food-insecure children.
在美国，一些与营养相关的问题影响着儿童和青少年的正常生长、成熟和发育，包括肥胖和食品不安全。本文旨在综述食品不安全的概念，并总结研究食品不安全与儿童和青少年超重/肥胖之间关系的研究。除了最初的病例报告，我们还综述了截至 2009 年 12 月，在这一专题上发表的 21 项研究（16 项横断面研究和 5 项前瞻性研究）。由于这方面的文献有限，我们综述了在美国儿童和青少年中抽样的研究。结果是混合的，有积极的、消极的和中性的关联。混合结果的原因难以理清。在较早的研究中，小样本妨碍了明确的结论。最近的研究样本量更大，克服了这些局限性，往往发现这些结构之间没有关联。尽管如此，迄今为止所有的研究都表明，食品不安全和超重并存——也就是说，即使在食品不安全和食品安全的儿童之间，超重的比例没有统计学上的显著差异，但食品不安全儿童的超重率仍然相对较高。
