Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Neurobiology, Duke University, Duke-National University of Singapore Graduate Medical School, Singapore 169857.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Sep 13;108 Suppl 3(Suppl 3):15588-95. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1012178108. Epub 2011 Mar 7.
This article considers visual perception, the nature of the information on which perceptions seem to be based, and the implications of a wholly empirical concept of perception and sensory processing for vision science. Evidence from studies of lightness, brightness, color, form, and motion all indicate that, because the visual system cannot access the physical world by means of retinal light patterns as such, what we see cannot and does not represent the actual properties of objects or images. The phenomenology of visual perceptions can be explained, however, in terms of empirical associations that link images whose meanings are inherently undetermined to their behavioral significance. Vision in these terms requires fundamentally different concepts of what we see, why, and how the visual system operates.
本文考虑了视觉感知、感知似乎基于的信息的本质，以及完全经验论的感知和感觉处理概念对视觉科学的影响。来自对明度、亮度、颜色、形状和运动的研究的证据都表明，由于视觉系统不能通过视网膜光模式来直接接触物理世界，所以我们所看到的并不能也不代表物体或图像的实际属性。然而，视觉感知的现象学可以用经验联想来解释，这些联想将其意义本来就不确定的图像与其行为意义联系起来。从这些方面来看，视觉需要对我们所见的事物、为什么以及视觉系统如何运作有根本不同的概念。
