Vollrath M, Koch R, Angst J
Research Department, Psychiatric University Hospital, Zurich, Switzerland.
Eur Arch Psychiatry Neurol Sci. 1990;239(4):221-30. doi: 10.1007/BF01738576.
The purpose of the present epidemiological study is to investigate and describe panic disorder and sporadic panic attacks among a cohort of young adults, aged 28 years, from the Canton of Zurich in Switzerland. Both DSM-III panic disorder and sporadic panic are characterized by frequent symptoms of somatic anxiety and tension, as well as by frequent symptoms of depressed mood and low vitality. Sporadic panic is more prevalent than panic disorder and shows a greater excess of females over males. The association with depressions (major depression and recurrent brief depression) is similarly high for both types of panic syndromes, while the association with other anxiety disorders is negligible. Several indicators suggest a marked similarity between sporadic panic and DSM-III panic disorder. More impressive differences were observed between subjects with panic disorder alone and subjects with comorbidity of panic and depression. For the latter group, the SCL-90R scores indicated higher severity. Comparison of the scores of life events, conflicts, self-esteem, and the number of chronic problems in childhood suggests a more specific nosological pattern for subjects with panic and depression as compared with those with panic alone.
本流行病学研究的目的是调查并描述瑞士苏黎世州一群28岁的年轻成年人中的惊恐障碍和散发性惊恐发作。DSM-III惊恐障碍和散发性惊恐均以频繁出现的躯体焦虑和紧张症状以及频繁出现的情绪低落和活力低下症状为特征。散发性惊恐比惊恐障碍更为常见，且女性比男性更为多见。两种类型的惊恐综合征与抑郁症（重度抑郁症和复发性短暂抑郁症）的关联同样高，而与其他焦虑症的关联可忽略不计。多项指标表明散发性惊恐与DSM-III惊恐障碍之间存在显著相似性。在仅患有惊恐障碍的受试者与患有惊恐和抑郁症共病的受试者之间观察到了更显著的差异。对于后一组，SCL-90R评分表明病情更为严重。对生活事件、冲突、自尊得分以及童年慢性问题数量的比较表明，与仅患有惊恐障碍的受试者相比，患有惊恐和抑郁症的受试者具有更特定的疾病模式。
